S.I. No. 153/1949:

STANDARD SPECIFICATION (CONCRETE CYLINDRICAL PIPES) ORDER, 1949,

STANDARD SPECIFICATION (CONCRETE CYLINDRICAL PIPES) ORDER, 1949,

I, DANIEL MORRISSEY, Minister for Industry and Commerce, in exercise of the power conferred on me by subsection (3) of section 20 of the Industrial Research and Standards Act, 1946 (No. 25 of 1946), hereby order as follows :

1. This Order may be cited as the Standard Specification (Concrete Cylindrical Pipes) Order, 1949.

2.--(1) The specification set forth in Part II of the Schedule to this Order is hereby declared to be the standard specification for the commodity described in Part I of the said Schedule.

(2) The said standard specification may be cited as Irish Standard 6 : 1949.

SCHEDULE.

PART I.

CONCRETE CYLINDRICAL PIPES.

PART II.

SPECIFICATION.

In this specification, the letters I.S., when followed by two sets of numbers, refer to the Irish Standard of which the first is the serial number and the second the year of its promulgation by the Minister for Industry and Commerce.

In this specification, the letters B.S., when followed by two sets of numbers, refer to the British Standard of which the first is the serial number and the second is the year of its publication by the British Standards Institution.

DEFINITIONS.

1. Throughout this specification the following definitions shall apply :

(a) Pipe.

The term " pipe " signifies a hollow cylinder made of cement concrete of uniform internal diameter throughout its length, except for the joint. Joints may be spigot and socket, ogee, rebated, plain butt ends, or any other approved type.

In the case of socket or similar joints, the internal and external diameters at one end are enlarged to form a socket into which the spigot end of a similar pipe can enter to form a joint.

(b) Barrel.

The term " barrel " signifies that portion of a pipe throughout which the internal diameter remains uniform.

CEMENT.

2. The whole of the cement (normal or rapid-hardening) used in the manufacture of the pipes shall comply, except as hereinafter provided, in all respects with the provisions of I.S. 1 : 1949.

Portland blast-furnace cement (normal setting) conforming to B.S. 146 : 1941, or high alumina cement conforming to B.S. 915 : 1940, may also be used with the approval of the purchaser.

AGGREGATE.

3. The aggregate shall comply with the provisions of clauses 3 and 3 (a) of I.S. 5 : 1949. When required, a sample of the aggregate shall be submitted to the purchaser for approval with the tender. For pipes up to and including 36 in. nominal internal diameter the whole of the aggregate shall pass through a sieve having meshes not exceeding ½ in. square, and for pipes above that diameter through a sieve having meshes not exceeding ¾ in. square.

COMPOSITION AND PREPARATION.

4. The concrete for pipes made of normal or rapid-hardening cements shall be composed of 1 part by volume of cement (based on a density of 90 lb. per cubic foot for normal setting, and 80 lb. per cubic foot for rapid-hardening cement) and not more than 4 parts by volume of aggregate. The whole shall be thoroughly mixed together first in a dry state and afterwards with a proper proportion of clean water to ensure maximum density, the mixing being done in an efficient mechanical mixer.

PROTECTION FROM FROST.

5. No material that has been exposed to the action of frost shall be used until such material has been completely thawed. Pipes shall be protected from the action of frost until thoroughly set.

CONCRETE TO BE USED FRESH.

6. The concrete shall be used as soon as possible after being mixed, and no material which has begun to develop a set shall be used in the work. The material shall not be disturbed during the period of setting.

MOULDS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE.

7. The moulds and method of manufacture shall be such that the form and dimensions of the finished work are accurate within the limits hereinafter specified, the surfaces and edges clean and true, the ends square with the longitudinal axis, and the concrete dense and homogeneous.

Tamping, pressure, vibration, centrifugal action or other effective method shall be used to consolidate the material.

The pipes shall be protected during the curing period from drying winds, strong sunlight, and other causes of too rapid drying, and shall be cured under adequately moist conditions.

MARKING OF PIPES.

8. Each pipe shall be impressed, while being moulded, with the day, month and year of manufacture (e.g. 5/7/45), or with other suitable means of identification of date. The characters shall be not less than ¾ in. high and approximately ¹/₁₆ in. deep. Where rapid-hardening or high alumina cement has been used, each pipe made from such material shall also be marked with the letter R or A, as the case may be. Alternatively the marking may be done by indelible black paint applied by stencil or brush immediately after removal from the moulds, the lettering being of such a size as to be readily legible. The manufacturer shall, if required by the purchaser, furnish a certificate confirming the date of manufacture of the pipes comprising the order, the certificate being in the form set out in Appendix B.

LENGTHS.

9. The length of a pipe shall be the effective length measured as illustrated at E in Fig 1. Unless otherwise specified, the length of piping shall be determined by reference to the effective length.

NOMINAL INTERNAL DIAMETERS OF PIPES.

10. The nominal internal diameters of pipes shall be in accordance with column 1 of Table I.

PERMISSIBLE DEVIATION FROM NOMINAL INTERNAL DIAMETER.

11. The internal diameter of any pipe throughout the effective length shall nowhere deviate from the nominal internal diameter by more than the amount set out in column 2 of Table I for the appropriate diameter of the pipe.

PERMISSIBLE VARIATION IN THICKNESS OF WALLS.

12. The radial thickness of the wall of a pipe at the spigot end for a length not less than C of Fig. 1 shall nowhere vary by more than the amount set out in column 3 of Table I for the appropriate diameter of the pipe.

PERMISSIBLE DEVIATION FROM STRAIGHTNESS.

13. The permissible deviation from straightness of any pipe throughout the effective length, measured on the inside on a line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe and tested by means of a rigid straight edge shall not exceed for all diameters 1/8 in. for every 3 ft. of length.

INTERNAL SHAPE OF SOCKETS.

14. The minimum clearance between the inner surface of the socket and the outer surface of the spigot of the entering pipe when the two pipes are placed concentrically shall be such that when tested with a taper gauge, the gauge can enter the annular space to the bottom of the socket. When carrying out the test the gauge shall be placed so that its plane contains the axis of the pipe.

The taper gauge shall be of thin sheet metal with the dimensions shown in Fig. 2, dimensions B and C being those given in Table I.

MINIMUM DEPTHS OF SOCKETS.

15. Except in the case of special joints agreed on between the purchaser and the manufacturer the minimum depth of the socket of a pipe measured from its outer end shall be not less than the depth C set out in column 5 of Table I for the appropriate diameter of a pipe. In any one pipe the difference in depth of the socket at any two points shall not exceed ¹/₈ in.

OGEE OR REBATED ENDS OF PIPES.

16. The axial length of each ogee or rebated end of a pipe shall be not less than two-thirds of the nominal thickness of the wall of the pipe.

TESTS.

17. The pipes selected in accordance with clause 18, shall be subjected to the following tests :--

(a) Hydraulic Test.

The pipe shall withstand an internal hydraulic pressure of 20 lb. per sq. in., applied upon the complete pipe, without showing signs of injury or sweating. The pressure shall be applied at a rate not exceeding 10 lb. per sq. in. in 5 seconds, and full pressure shall be maintained for at least ½ minute. Care shall be taken that there is no air in the pipe when the pressure is applied. When testing ogee and rebated pipes the ogee and rebated ends may be suitably protected.

(b) Absorption Test.

From each pipe selected, a test piece of the full thickness of the pipe, and approximately 4 in. square, all edges being broken, shall be taken.

The test pieces shall be dried for 72 hours in a suitably ventilated drying oven, the temperature of which, as measured by a thermometer suspended centrally, is between 185° F. and 204° F. (85° C. and 95° C.). On removal from the oven they shall at once be weighed and immediately submerged in water, the temperature of which is between 58° F. and 64° F. (14·4° C. and 17·8° C.), for a period of 10 minutes, at the end of which time they shall be taken out, immediately wiped with a dry cloth for a period of ½ minute, and again weighed. They shall then be submerged in water again for a total period of 24 hours, at the end of which time they shall be taken out, wiped with a dry cloth, and weighed. The increase in weight by absorption of water in the first 10 minutes shall not exceed 2·5 per cent. of the dry weight of the test piece, nor shall the total absorption exceed 6·5 per cent. of the dry weight.

(c) Crushing Test.

Each selected pipe shall be placed centrally between, and with its longitudinal axis parallel to, two hard unyielding bearers of 6 in. width, with rubber packing 6 in. wide and 1 in. thick between the bearers and the pipe.

The bearers shall extend the full length of the barrel of the pipe. The load shall be steadily and uniformly applied, starting from zero, at a rate not exceeding 112 lb. per foot length of pipe per 10 seconds. The pipe shall support without any sign of failure for at least 1 minute a minimum load of 1,350 lb. per foot of length.

SAMPLES FOR TESTING.

18.

(a) Number of Pipes to be selected for the Hydraulic Test.

From each batch of pipes submitted for inspection, the purchaser or his representative may, if he so desires, select pipes for the hydraulic test specified in clause 17 (a), as follows :

Two per cent. of the pipes when the batch comprises 500 pipes or less, and if the batch comprises more than 500 pipes, 2 per cent. of the first 500 and one pipe from every 100 or part thereof beyond this number.

Should all the pipes selected pass the test the whole of the pipes comprising the batch shall be deemed to comply with this test. If one pipe fails, the purchaser or his representative may select from the same batch a further similar number for testing, and if all of such further pipes comply with the test the whole of the pipes comprising the batch shall be deemed to comply with this test. If any of the pipes selected for the re-test fail, then the purchaser or his representative may require all of the remaining pipes to be tested, and in that event only such as comply with the test shall be accepted.

(b) Number of Pipes to be selected for the Absorption Test.

From each batch of 100 pipes or less number submitted for inspection, the purchaser or his representative may, if he so desires, select one pipe for the absorption test specified in class 17 (b). If this pipe fails, the purchaser or his representative may select from the same batch two further pipes for testing, and if both comply with the test the batch represented shall be accepted, but if either fails the whole of the batch represented may be rejected.

(c) Number of Pipes to be selected for the Crushing Test.

From each batch of pipes submitted for inspection, the purchaser or his representative may, if he so desires, select pipes for the crushing test specified in clause 17 (c), as follows :

Two per cent. of the pipes, when the batch comprises 500 pipes or less, and if the batch comprises more than 500 pipes, 2 per cent. of the first 500 and one pipe from every 100 or part thereof beyond this number.

Should all the pipes selected pass the test the whole of the pipes comprising the batch shall be deemed to comply with this test. If one pipe fails, the purchaser or his representative may select from the same batch a further similar number for testing, and if all such further pipes comply with the test the whole of the pipes comprising the batch, including those which have passed the test, shall be deemed to comply with this test. If any of the pipes selected for the re-test fail, then the whole of the batch represented may be rejected.

FACILITIES FOR SAMPLING AND TESTING.

19. The purchaser or his representative shall, at all reasonable times, have free access to the place where the pipes are manufactured, for the purpose of examining and sampling the materials and pipes, and for supervising the testing, and marking, if necessary, of the pipes. The manufacturer shall provide free of extra charge every facility and all labour required for such examination, sampling, inspection, testing and marking before delivery, and shall provide and maintain in good working order suitable convenient and accurate apparatus for testing sample pipes. Failing facilities at his own works for making the prescribed tests the manufacturer shall bear the cost of carrying out the tests elsewhere.

MATURING OF PIPES.

20. Unless otherwise authorised in writing by the purchaser, no, pipes shall be supplied under this specification until they have been allowed to mature under suitable conditions (cf. clause 7) for a period of not less than six weeks.

PIPES SUPPLIED FROM STOCK.

21. When pipes made to this specification are supplied from stock, the manufacturer shall, if so required, furnish to the purchaser a certificate that the pipes have been made in all respects in accordance with and comply with the requirements of this specification. Should the purchaser so desire, any or all of the tests herein specified shall be made by the manufacturer, and if the pipes pass the tests they shall be accepted, provided that they comply with the other requirements of this specification, or, in the event of failure to pass the tests, they may be rejected.

TESTED PIPES.

22. When the engineer or purchaser requires " tested " pipes this shall be stated in the enquiry or order. Such pipes shall be made in all respects in accordance with the requirements of this specification, and each one shall have been subjected to, and shall have complied with, the hydraulic test herein specified.

Every tested pipe shall, immediately after testing, have stencilled upon it, in indelible black, and in letters not less than 1 in. high, the word " tested " which shall be coupled with the stencilled name or trade mark of the manufacturer, e.g. :

TESTED

TABLE I.--TABLE OF DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES.

APPENDIX A.

Information to be given by the Purchaser in his Inquiry.

The following particulars cover the essential details which the purchaser should give to the manufacturer in order that the former's requirements may be fully understood :

1. Number, length, and nominal diameter of pipes required.

2. Type of joint required.

3. Type of cement to be used (see clause 2).

4. Whether a sample of the aggregate is required (see clause 3).

5. Whether the process of manufacture and the finished pipes are to be inspected.

6. Whether the pipes are to be tested in accordance with the applicable clauses and whether the purchaser or his representative will be present at the tests (see clause 19).

7. Whether any variation is to be allowed in the time of maturing (see clause 20).

8. Whether, in the case of pipes supplied from stock, a certificate is required stating that the pipes comply with the specification (see clause 21).

9. Whether a certificate confirming the date of manufacture is required (see clause 8 and Appendix B).

10. Whether the enquiry refers to tested pipes (see clause 22).

APPENDIX B.

Certificate of Compliance of Concrete Cylindrical Pipes with Irish Standard, 6 : 1949,

We,............................................................ , hereby certify, that the..................concrete pipes supplied by us to your order, No.................., and referred to in Delivery Note, No................... comply with Irish Standard 6 : 1949, and were made during the months of............................................................ 

(Signed)..........................................

GIVEN under my Official Seal this 23rd day of December, 1949.

DANIEL MORRISSEY,

Minister for Industry and Commerce