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Statutes of Northern Ireland


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URL: http://www.bailii.org/nie/legis/num_act/ca1881141.txt

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CONVEYANCING ACT 1881

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - LONG TITLE

An Act for simplifying and improving the practice of Conveyancing;
and for vesting in Trustees, Mortgagees, and others various powers
commonly conferred by provisions inserted in Settlements, Mortgages,
Wills, and other Instruments; and for amending in various particulars
the Law of Property; and for other purposes.{1}
[22nd August 1881]
IPRELIMINARY

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 1

1.(1) This Act may be cited as the Conveyancing and Law of
Property Act, 1881.

(2) This Act shall commence and take effect from and immediately
after the thirty-first day of December one thousand eight hundred
and eighty-one.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 2
Interpretation of property, land, &c.

2. In this Act

(i)Property, unless a contrary intention appears, includes real and
personal property, and any estate or interest in any property, real
or personal, and any debt, and any thing in action, and any other
right or interest:

(ii)Land, unless a contrary intention appears, includes land of any
tenure, and tenements and hereditaments, corporeal or incorporeal, and
houses and other buildings, also an undivided share in land:

(iii)In relation to land, income includes rents and profits, and
possession includes receipt of income:

(iv)Manor includes lordship, and reputed manor or lordship:

(v)Conveyance, unless a contrary intention appears, includes
assignment, appointment, lease, settlement, and other assurance, and
covenant to surrender, made by deed, on a sale, mortgage, demise,
or settlement of any property, or on any other dealing with or for
any property; and convey, unless a contrary intention appears, has a
meaning corresponding with that of conveyance:

(vi)Mortgage includes any charge on any property for securing money
or money's worth; and mortgage money means money, or money's worth,
secured by a mortgage; and mortgagor includes any person from time
to time deriving title under the original mortgagor, or entitled to
redeem a mortgage, according to his estate, interest, or right, in
the mortgaged property; and mortgagee includes any person from time
to time deriving title under the original mortgagee; and mortgagee
in possession is, for the purposes of this Act, a mortgagee who,
in right of the mortgage, has entered into and is in possession of
the mortgaged property:

<(vii)Incumbrance includes a mortgage in fee, or for a less estate, and a trust for securing money, and a lien, and a charge of a portion, annuity, or other capital or annual sum; and incumbrancer has a meaning corresponding with that of incumbrance, and includes every person entitled to the benefit of an incumbrance, or to require payment or discharge thereof:

(viii)Purchaser, unless a contrary intention appears, includes a
lessee or mortgagee, and an intending purchaser, lessee, or
mortgagee, or other person, who, for valuable consideration, takes or
deals for any property; and purchase, unless a contrary intention
appears, has a meaning corresponding with that of purchaser; but
sale means only a sale properly so called:

(ix)Rent includes yearly or other rent, toll, duty, royalty, or
other reservation, by the acre, the ton, or otherwise; and fine
includes premium or fore-gift, and any payment, consideration, or
benefit in the nature of a fine, premium, or fore-gift:

<(x)Building purposes include the erecting and improving of, and the adding to, and the repairing of buildings; and a building lease is a lease for building purposes or purposes connected therewith:

(xi)A mining lease is a lease for mining purposes, that is, the
searching for, winning, working, getting, making merchantable, carrying
away, or disposing of mines and minerals, or purposes connected
therewith, and includes a grant or licence for mining purposes:

<(xii)Will includes codicil:

(xiii)Instrument includes deed, will, ..., and Act of Parliament:

(xiv)Securities include stocks, funds, and shares:

<(xv)Bankruptcy includes liquidation by arrangement, and any other act or proceeding in law having, under any Act for the time being in force, effects or results similar to those of bankruptcy; and bankrupt has a meaning corresponding with that of bankruptcy:

(xvi)Writing includes print; and words referring to any instrument,
copy, extract, abstract, or other document include any such
instrument, copy, extract, abstract, or other document being in
writing or in print, or partly in writing and partly in print:

(xvii)Person includes a corporation:

Application of stated conditions of sale to all purchases.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 3

3.(1) Under a contract to sell and assign a term of years derived
out of a leasehold interest in land, the intended assign shall not
have the right to call for the title to the leasehold reversion.

Subs.(2) rep. by SLR (NI) 1954

(3) A purchaser of any property shall not require the production,
or any abstract or copy, of any deed, will, or other document,
dated or made before the time prescribed by law, or stipulated, for
commencement of the title, even though the same creates a power
subsequently exercised by an instrument abstracted in the abstract
furnished to the purchaser; nor shall he require any information, or
make any requisition, objection, or inquiry, with respect to any
such deed, will, or document, or the title prior to that time,
notwithstanding that any such deed, will, or other document, or that
prior title, is recited, covenanted to be produced, or noticed; and
he shall assume, unless the contrary appears, that the recitals,
contained in the abstracted instruments, of any deed, will, or other
document, forming part of that prior title, are correct, and give
all the material contents of the deed, will, or other document so
recited, and that every document so recited was duly executed by
all necessary parties, and perfected, if and as required, by fine,
recovery, acknowledgment, inrolment, or otherwise.

(4) Where land sold is held by lease (not including under-lease),
the purchaser shall assume, unless the contrary appears, that the
lease was duly granted; and, on production of the receipt for the
last payment due for rent under the lease before the date of
actual completion of the purchase, he shall assume, unless the
contrary appears, that all the covenants and provisions of the lease
have been duly performed and observed up to the date of actual
completion of the purchase.

(5) Where land sold is held by under-lease, the purchaser shall
assume, unless the contrary appears, that the under-lease and every
superior lease were duly granted; and, on production of the receipt
for the last payment due for rent under the under-lease before the
date of actual completion of the purchase, he shall assume, unless
the contrary appears, that all the covenants and provisions of the
under-lease have been duly performed and observed up to the date of
actual completion of the purchase, and further that all rent due
under every superior lease, and all the covenants and provisions of
every superior lease, have been paid and duly performed and observed
up to that date.

(6) On a sale of a property, the expenses of the production and
inspection of all Acts of Parliament, ..., records, proceedings of
courts, ..., deeds, wills, probates, letters of administration, and
other documents, not in the vendor's possession, and the expenses of
all journeys incidental to such production or inspection, and the
expenses of searching for, procuring, making, verifying, and producing
all certificates, declarations, evidences, and information not in the
vendor's possession, and all attested, stamped, office, or other
copies or abstracts of, or extracts from any Acts of Parliament or
other documents aforesaid, not in the vendor's possession, if any
such production, inspection, journey, search, procuring, making, or
verifying is required by a purchaser, either for verification of the
abstract, or for any other purpose, shall be borne by the purchaser
who requires the same; and where the vendor retains possession of
any document, the expenses of making any copy thereof, attested or
unattested, which a purchaser requires to be delivered to him, shall
be borne by that purchaser.

(7) On a sale of any property in lots, a purchaser of two or
more lots, held wholly or partly under the same title, shall not
have a right to more than one abstract of the common title, except
at his own expense.

(8) This section applies only to titles and purchasers on sales
properly so called, notwithstanding any interpretation in this Act.

(9) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the contract of sale, and shall have
effect subject to the terms of the contract and to the provisions
therein contained.

(10) This section applies only to sales made after the commencement
of this Act.

(11) Nothing in this section shall be construed as binding a
purchaser to complete his purchase in any case where, on a contract
made independently of this section, and containing stipulations
similar to the provisions of this section, or any of them, specific
performance of the contract would not be enforced against him by
the Court.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 4
Completion of contract after death.

4.(1) Where at the death of any person there is subsisting a
contract enforceable against his heir or devisee, for the sale of
the fee simple or other freehold interest, descendible to his heirs
general, in any land, his personal representatives shall, by virtue
of this Act, have power to convey the land for all the estate and
interest vested in him at his death, in any manner proper for
giving effect to the contract.

(2) A conveyance made under this section shall not affect the
beneficial rights of any person claiming under any testamentary
disposition or as heir or next of kin of a testator or intestate.

(3) This section applies only in cases of death after the
commencement of this Act.

Provision by Court for incumbrances, and sale freed therefrom.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 5

5.(1) Where land subject to any incumbrance, whether immediately
payable or not, is sold by the Court, or out of Court, the Court
may, if it thinks fit, on the application of any party to the
sale, direct or allow payment into Court, in case of an annual sum
charged on the land, or of a capital sum charged on a determinable
interest in the land, of such amount as, when invested in
Government securities, the Court considers will be sufficient, by
means of the dividends thereof, to keep down or otherwise provide
for that charge, and in any other case of capital money charged on
the land, of the amount sufficient to meet the incumbrance and any
interest due thereon; but in either case there shall also be paid
into Court such additional amount as the Court considers will be
sufficient to meet the contingency of further costs, expenses, and
interest, and any other contingency, except depreciation of
investments, not exceeding one-tenth part of the original amount to
be paid in, unless the Court for special reason thinks fit to
require a larger additional amount.

(2) Thereupon, the Court may, if it thinks fit, and either after
or without any notice to the incumbrancer, as the Court thinks fit,
declare the land to be freed from the incumbrance, and make any
order for conveyance, or vesting order, proper for giving effect to
the sale, and give directions for the retention and investment of
the money in Court.

(3) After notice served on the persons interested in or entitled to
the money or fund in Court, the Court may direct payment or
transfer thereof to the persons entitled to receive or give a
discharge for the same, and generally may give directions respecting
the application or distribution of the capital or income thereof.

(4) This section applies to sales not completed at the commencement
of this Act, and to sales thereafter made.

General words in conveyances of land, buildings, or manor.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 6

6.(1) A conveyance of land shall be deemed to include and shall by
virtue of this Act operate to convey, with the land, all buildings,
erections, fixtures, commons, hedges, ditches, fences, ways, waters,
watercourses, liberties, privileges, easements, rights, and advantages
whatsoever, appertaining or reputed to appertain to the land, or any
part thereof, or at the time of conveyance demised, occupied, or
enjoyed with, or reputed or known as part or parcel of or
appurtenant to the land or any part thereof.

(2) A conveyance of land, having houses or other buildings thereon,
shall be deemed to include and shall by virtue of this Act operate
to convey, with the land, houses, or other buildings, all outhouses,
erections, fixtures, cellars, areas, courts, courtyards, cisterns,
sewers, gutters, drains, ways, passages, lights, watercourses,
liberties, privileges, easements, rights, and advantages, whatsoever,
appertaining or reputed to appertain to the land, houses, or other
buildings conveyed, or any of them, or any part thereof, or at the
time of conveyance demised, occupied, or enjoyed with, or reputed or
known as part or parcel of or appurtenant to, the land, houses, or
other buildings, conveyed, or any of them, or any part thereof.

(3) A conveyance of a manor shall be deemed to include and shall
by virtue of this Act operate to convey, with the manor, all
pastures, feedings, wastes, warrens, commons, mines, minerals,
quarries, furzes, trees, woods, underwoods, coppices, and the ground
and soil thereof, fishings, fisheries, fowlings, courts leet, courts
baron, and other courts, view of frankpledge and all that to view
of frankpledge doth belong, mills, mulctures, customs, tolls, duties,
reliefs, heriots, fines, sums of money, amerciaments, waifs, estrays,
chief-rents, quit-rents, rentscharge, rents seck, rents of assize, fee
farm rents, services, royalties, jurisdictions, franchises, liberties,
privileges, easements, profits, advantages, rights, emoluments, and
hereditaments whatsoever, to the manor appertaining or reputed to
appertain, or at the time of conveyance demised, occupied, or
enjoyed with the same, or reputed or known as part, parcel, or
member thereof.

(4) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the conveyance, and shall have effect
subject to the terms of the conveyance and to the provisions
therein contained.

(5) This section shall not be construed as giving to any person a
better title to any property, right, or thing in this section
mentioned than the title which the conveyance gives to him to the
land or manor expressed to be conveyed, or as conveying to him any
property, right, or thing in this section mentioned, further or
otherwise than as the same could have been conveyed to him by the
conveying parties.

(6) This section applies only to conveyances made after the
commencement of this Act.

Covenants for title to be implied.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 7

7.(1) In a conveyance there shall, in the several cases in this
section mentioned, be deemed to be included, and there shall in
those several cases, by virtue of this Act, be implied, a covenant
to the effect in this section stated, by the person or by each
person who conveys, as far as regards the subject-matter or share
of subject-matter expressed to be conveyed by him, with the person,
if one, to whom the conveyance is made, or with the persons
jointly, if more than one, to whom the conveyance is made as joint
tenants, or with each of the persons, if more than one, to whom
the conveyance is made as tenants in common, that is to say:(A) In
a conveyance for valuable consideration, other than a mortgage, the
following covenant by a person who conveys and is expressed to
convey as beneficial owner (namely):Quiet enjoyment.

Freedom from incumbrance.That, notwithstanding anything by the person
who so conveys, or any one through whom he derives title, otherwise
than by purchase for value, made, done, executed, or omitted, or
knowingly suffered, the person who so conveys, has, with the
concurrence of every other person, if any, conveying by his
direction, full power to convey the subject-matter expressed to be
conveyed, subject as, if so expressed, and in the manner in which,
it is expressed to be conveyed, and that, notwithstanding anything
as aforesaid, that subject-matter shall remain to and be quietly
entered upon, received, and held, occupied, enjoyed, and taken, by
the person to whom the conveyance is expressed to be made, and any
person deriving title under him, and the benefit thereof shall be
received and taken accordingly, without any lawful interruption or
disturbance by the person who so conveys or any person conveying by
his direction, or rightfully claiming or to claim by, through,
under, or in trust for the person who so conveys, or any person
conveying by his direction, or by, through, or under any one not
being a person claiming in respect of an estate or interest subject
whereto the conveyance is expressly made, through whom the person
who so conveys derives title, otherwise than by purchase for value;
and that, freed and discharged from, or otherwise by the person who
so conveys sufficiently indemnified against, all such estates,
incumbrances, claims, and demands other than those subject to which
the conveyance is expressly made, as either before or after the
date of the conveyance have been or shall be made, occasioned, or
suffered by that person or by any person conveying by his
direction, or by any person rightfully claiming by, through, under,
or in trust for the person who so conveys, or by, through, or
under any person conveying by his direction, or by, through, or
under any one through whom the person who so conveys derives title,
otherwise than by purchase for value; and further, that the person
who so conveys, and any person conveying by his direction, and
every other person having or rightfully claiming any estate or
interest in the subject-matter of conveyance, other than an estate
or interest subject whereto the conveyance is expressly made, by,
through, under, or in trust for the person who so conveys, or by,
through, or under any person conveying by his direction, or by,
through, or under any one through whom the person who so conveys
derives title, otherwise than by purchase for value, will, from time
to time and at all times after the date of the conveyance, on the
request and at the cost of any person to whom the conveyance is
expressed to be made, or of any person deriving title under him,
execute and do all such lawful assurances and things for further or
more perfectly assuring the subject-matter of the conveyance to the
person to whom the conveyance is made, and to those deriving title
under him, subject as, if so expressed, and in the manner in which
the conveyance is expressed to be made, as by him or them or any
of them shall be reasonably required:

On conveyance of leaseholds for value, by beneficial owner.

(B) In a conveyance of leasehold property for valuable consideration,
other than a mortgage, the following further covenant by a person
who conveys and is expressed to convey as beneficial owner
(namely):That, notwithstanding anything by the person who so conveys
or any one through whom he derives title otherwise than by purchase
for value, made, done, executed, or omitted, or knowingly suffered,
the lease or grant creating the term or estate for which the land
is conveyed is, at the time of conveyance a good, valid, and
effectual lease or grant of the property conveyed, and is in full
force, unforfeited, unsurrendered, and in nowise become void or
voidable, and that, notwithstanding anything as aforesaid, all the
rents reserved by, and all the covenants, conditions, and agreements
contained in, the lease or grant, and on the part of the lessee
or grantee and the persons deriving title under him to be paid,
observed, and performed, have been paid, observed, and performed up
to the time of conveyance:

On mortgage by beneficial owner.

(C) In a conveyance by way of mortgage, the following covenant by
a person who conveys and is expressed to convey as beneficial owner
(namely):Quiet enjoyment.

Freedom from incumbrance.That the person who so conveys, has, with
the concurrence of every other person, if any, conveying by his
direction, full power to convey the subject-matter expressed to be
conveyed by him, subject as, if so expressed, and in the manner in
which it is expressed to be conveyed; and also that, if default is
made in payment of the money intended to be secured by the
conveyance, or any interest thereon, or any part of that money or
interest, contrary to any provision in the conveyance, it shall be
lawful for the person to whom the conveyance is expressed to be
made, and the persons deriving title under him, to enter into and
upon, or receive, and thenceforth quietly hold, occupy, and enjoy or
take and have, the subject-matter expressed to be conveyed, or any
part thereof, without any lawful interruption or disturbance by the
person who so conveys, or any person conveying by his direction, or
any other person not being a person claiming in respect of an
estate or interest subject whereto the conveyance is expressly made;
and that, freed and discharged from, or otherwise by the person who
so conveys sufficiently indemnified against, all estates, incumbrances,
claims, and demands whatever, other than those subject whereto the
conveyance is expressly made; and further, that the person who so
conveys and every person conveying by his direction, and every
person deriving title under any of them, and every other person
having or rightfully claiming any estate or interest in the
subject-matter of conveyance, or any part thereof, other than an
estate or interest subject whereto the conveyance is expressly made,
will from time to time and at all times, on the request of any
person to whom the conveyance is expressed to be made, or of any
person deriving title under him, but, as long as any right of
redemption exists under the conveyance, at the cost of the person
so conveying, or of those deriving title under him, and afterwards
at the cost of the person making the request, execute and do all
such lawful assurances and things for further or more perfectly
assuring the subject-matter of conveyance and every part thereof to
the person to whom the conveyance is made, and to those deriving
title under him, subject as, if so expressed, and in the manner in
which the conveyance is expressed to be made, as by him or them
or any of them shall be reasonably required:(D) In a conveyance by
way of mortgage of leasehold property, the following further covenant
by a person who conveys and is expressed to convey as beneficial
owner (namely):Payment of rent and performance of covenants.

That the lease or grant creating the term or estate for which the
land is held is, at the time of conveyance, a good, valid, and
effectual lease or grant of the land conveyed and is in full
force, unforfeited, and unsurrendered, and in nowise become void or
voidable, and that all the rents reserved by, and all the
covenants, conditions, and agreements contained in the lease or
grant, and on the part of the lessee or grantee and the persons
deriving title under him to be paid, observed, and performed, have
been paid, observed, and performed up to the time of conveyance;
and also that the person so conveying, or the persons deriving
title under him, will at all times, as long as any money remains
on the security of the conveyance, pay, observe, and perform, or
cause to be paid, observed, and performed all the rents reserved
by, and all the covenants, conditions, and agreements contained in,
the lease or grant, and on the part of the lessee or grantee and
the persons deriving title under him to be paid, observed, and
performed, and will keep the person to whom the conveyance is made,
and those deriving title under him, indemnified against all actions,
proceedings, costs, charges, damages, claims, and demands if any to
be incurred or sustained by him or them by reason of the
non-payment of such rent or the non-observance or non-performance of
such covenants, conditions, and agreements, or any of them:(E) In a
conveyance by way of settlement, the following covenant by a person
who conveys and is expressed to convey as settlor (namely):That the
person so conveying, and every person deriving title under him by
deed or act or operation of law in his lifetime subsequent to that
conveyance, or by testamentary disposition or devolution in law, on
his death, will, from time to time, and at all times, after the
date of that conveyance, at the request and cost of any person
deriving title thereunder, execute and do all such lawful assurances
and things for further or more perfectly assuring the subject-matter
of the conveyance to the persons to whom the conveyance is made
and those deriving title under them, subject as, if so expressed,
and in the manner in which the conveyance is expressed to be made,
as by them or any of them shall be reasonably required:(F) In any
conveyance, the following covenant by every person who conveys and
is expressed to convey as trustee or mortgagee, or as personal
representative of a deceased person, or as committee of a lunatic
so found by inquisition, or under an order of the Court, which
covenant shall be deemed to extend to every such person's own acts
only (namely):That the person so conveying has not executed or done,
or knowingly suffered or been party or privy to, any deed or
thing, whereby or by means whereof the subject-matter of the
conveyance, or any part thereof, is or may be impeached, charged,
affected, or incumbered in title, estate, or otherwise, or whereby
or by means whereof the person who so conveys is in anywise
hindered from conveying the subject-matter of the conveyance, or any
part thereof, in the manner in which it is expressed to be
conveyed.

(2) Where in a conveyance it is expressed that by direction of a
person expressed to direct as beneficial owner another person
conveys, then, within this section, the person giving the direction,
whether he conveys and is expressed to convey as beneficial owner
or not, shall be deemed to convey and to be expressed to convey
as beneficial owner, the subject-matter so conveyed by his direction;
and a covenant on his part shall be implied accordingly.

(3) Where a wife conveys and is expressed to convey as beneficial
owner, and the husband also conveys and is expressed to convey as
beneficial owner, then, within this section, the wife shall be
deemed to convey and to be expressed to convey by direction of the
husband, as beneficial owner; and, in addition to the covenant
implied on the part of the wife, there shall also be implied,
first, a covenant on the part of the husband as the person giving
that direction, and secondly, a covenant on the part of the husband
in the same terms as the covenant implied on the part of the
wife.

(4) Where in a conveyance a person conveying is not expressed to
convey as beneficial owner, or as settlor, or as trustee, or as
mortgagee, or as personal representative of a deceased person, or as
committee of a lunatic so found by inquisition, or under an order
of the Court, or by direction of a person as beneficial owner, no
covenant on the part of the person conveying shall be, by virtue
of this section, implied in the conveyance.

(5) In this section a conveyance ... does not include a demise by
way of lease at a rent, ....

(6) The benefit of a covenant implied as aforesaid shall be annexed
and incident to, and shall go with, the estate or interest of the
implied covenantee, and shall be capable of being enforced by every
person in whom that estate or interest is, for the whole or any
part thereof, from time to time vested.

(7) A covenant implied as aforesaid may be varied or extended by
deed, and, as so varied or extended, shall, as far as may be,
operate in the like manner, and with all the like incidents,
effects, and consequences, as if such variations or extensions were
directed in this section to be implied.

(8) This section applies only to conveyances made after the
commencement of this Act.

Rights of purchaser as to execution.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 8
Against incumbrances.

8.(1) On a sale, the purchaser shall not be entitled to require
that the conveyance to him be executed in his presence, or in that
of his solicitor, as such; but shall be entitled to have, at his
own cost, the execution of the conveyance attested by some person
appointed by him, who may, if he thinks fit, be his solicitor.

(2) This section applies only to sales made after the commencement
of this Act.

Acknowledgment of right to production, and undertaking for safe
custody of documents.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 9

9.(1) Where a person retains possession of documents, and gives to
another an acknowledgment in writing of the right of that other to
production of those documents, and to delivery of copies thereof (in
this section called an acknowledgment), that acknowledgment shall have
effect as in this section provided.

(2) An acknowledgment shall bind the documents to which it relates
in the possession or under the control of the person who retains
them, and in the possession or under the control of every other
person having possession or control thereof from time to time, but
shall bind each individual possessor or person as long only as he
has possession or control thereof; and every person so having
possession or control from time to time shall be bound specifically
to perform the obligations imposed under this section by an
acknowledgment, unless prevented from so doing by fire or other
inevitable accident.

(3) The obligations imposed under this section by an acknowledgment
are to be performed from time to time at the request in writing
of the person to whom an acknowledgment is given, or of any
person, not being a lessee at a rent, having or claiming any
estate, interest, or right through or under that person, or
otherwise becoming through or under that person interested in or
affected by the terms of any document to which the acknowledgment
relates.

(4) The obligations imposed under this section by an acknowledgment
are

(i)An obligation to produce the documents or any of them at all
reasonable times for the purpose of inspection, and of comparison
with abstracts or copies thereof, by the person entitled to request
production or by any one by him authorized in writing; and

(ii)An obligation to produce the documents or any of them at any
trial, hearing, or examination in any court, or in the execution of
any commission, or elsewhere in the United Kingdom, on any occasion
on which production may properly be required, for proving or
supporting the title or claim of the person entitled to request
production, or for any other purpose relative to that title or
claim; and

(iii)An obligation to deliver to the person entitled to request the
same true copies or extracts, attested or unattested, of or from
the documents or any of them.

(5) All costs and expenses of or incidental to the specific
performance of any obligation imposed under this section by an
acknowledgment shall be paid by the person requesting performance.

(6) An acknowledgment shall not confer any right to damages for
loss or destruction of, or injury to, the documents to which it
relates, from whatever cause arising.

(7) Any person claiming to be entitled to the benefit of an
acknowledgment may apply to the Court for an order directing the
production of the documents to which it relates, or any of them,
or the delivery of copies of or extracts from those documents or
any of them to him, or some person on his behalf; and the Court
may, if it thinks fit, order production, or production and delivery,
accordingly, and may give directions respecting the time, place,
terms, and mode of production or delivery, and may make such order
as it thinks fit respecting the costs of the application, or any
other matter connected with the application.

(8) An acknowledgment shall by virtue of this Act satisfy any
liability to give a covenant for production and delivery of copies
of or extracts from documents.

(9) Where a person retains possession of documents and gives to
another an undertaking in writing for safe custody thereof, that
undertaking shall impose on the person giving it, and on every
person having possession or control of the documents from time to
time, but on each individual possessor or person as long only as
he has possession or control thereof, an obligation to keep the
documents safe, whole, uncancelled, and undefaced, unless prevented
from so doing by fire or other inevitable accident.

(10) Any person claiming to be entitled to the benefit of such an
undertaking may apply to the Court to assess damages for any loss,
destruction of, or injury to the documents or any of them, and the
Court may, if it thinks fit, direct an inquiry respecting the
amount of damages, and order payment thereof by the person liable,
and may make such order as it thinks fit respecting the costs of
the application, or any other matter connected with the application.

(11) An undertaking for safe custody of documents shall by virtue
of this Act satisfy any liability to give a covenant for safe
custody of documents.

(12) The rights conferred by an acknowledgment or an undertaking
under this section shall be in addition to all such other rights
relative to the production, or inspection, or the obtaining of
copies of documents as are not, by virtue of this Act, satisfied
by the giving of the acknowledgment or undertaking, and shall have
effect subject to the terms of the acknowledgment or undertaking,
and to any provisions therein contained.

(13) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the acknowledgment or undertaking.

(14) This section applies only to an acknowledgment or undertaking
given, or a liability respecting documents incurred, after the
commencement of this Act.

Rent and benefit of lessees covenants to run with reversion.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 10

10.(1) Rent reserved by a lease, and the benefit of every covenant
or provision therein contained, having reference to the subject-matter
thereof, and on the lessees part to be observed or performed, and
every condition of re-entry and other condition therein contained,
shall be annexed and incident to and shall go with the reversionary
estate in the land, or in any part thereof, immediately expectant
on the term granted by the lease, notwithstanding severance of that
reversionary estate, and shall be capable of being recovered,
received, enforced, and taken advantage of by the person from time
to time entitled, subject to the term, to the income of the whole
or any part, as the case may require, of the land leased.

(2) This section applies only to leases made after the commencement
of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 11
Obligation of lessors covenants to run with reversion.

11.(1) The obligation of a covenant entered into by a lessor with
reference to the subject-matter of the lease shall, if and as far
as the lessor has power to bind the reversionary estate immediately
expectant on the term granted by the lease, be annexed and incident
to and shall go with that reversionary estate, or the several parts
thereof, notwithstanding severance of that reversionary estate, and
may be taken advantage of and enforced by the person in whom the
term is from time to time vested by conveyance, devolution in law,
or otherwise; and, if and as far as the lessor has power to bind
the person from time to time entitled to that reversionary estate,
the obligation aforesaid may be taken advantage of and enforced
against any person so entitled.

(2) This section applies only to leases made after the commencement
of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 12
Apportionment of conditions on severance, &c.

12.(1) Notwithstanding the severance by conveyance, surrender, or
otherwise, of the reversionary estate in any land comprised in a
lease, and notwithstanding the avoidance or cesser in any other
manner of the term granted by a lease as to part only of the
land comprised therein, every condition or right of re-entry, and
every other condition, contained in the lease, shall be apportioned,
and shall remain annexed to the severed parts of the reversionary
estate as severed, and shall be in force with respect to the term
whereon each severed part is reversionary, or the term in any land
which has not been surrendered, or as to which the term has not
been avoided or has not otherwise ceased, in like manner as if the
land comprised in each severed part, or the land as to which the
term remains subsisting, as the case may be, had alone originally
been comprised in the lease.

(2) This section applies only to leases made after the commencement
of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 13
On sub-demise, title to leasehold reversion not to be required.

13.(1) On a contract to grant a lease for a term of years to be
derived out of a leasehold interest, with a leasehold reversion, the
intended lessee shall not have the right to call for the title to
that reversion.

(2) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the contract, and shall have effect
subject to the terms of the contract and to the provisions therein
contained.

(3) This section applies only to contracts made after the
commencement of this Act.

Restrictions on and relief against forfeiture of leases.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 14

14.(1) A right of re-entry or forfeiture under any proviso or
stipulation in a lease, for a breach of any covenant or condition
in the lease, shall not be enforceable, by action or otherwise,
unless and until the lessor serves on the lessee a notice
specifying the particular breach complained of and, if the breach is
capable of remedy, requiring the lessee to remedy the breach, and,
in any case, requiring the lessee to make compensation in money for
the breach, and the lessee fails, within a reasonable time
thereafter, to remedy the breach, if it is capable of remedy, and
to make reasonable compensation in money, to the satisfaction of the
lessor, for the breach.

(2) Where a lessor is proceeding, by action or otherwise, to
enforce such a right of re-entry or forfeiture, the lessee may, in
the lessor's action, if any, or in any action brought by himself,
apply to the Court for relief; and the Court may grant or refuse
relief, as the Court, having regard to the proceedings and conduct
of the parties under the foregoing provisions of this section, and
to all the other circumstances, thinks fit; and in case of relief
may grant it on such terms, if any, as to costs, expenses,
damages, compensation, penalty, or otherwise, including the granting
of an injunction to restrain any like breach in the future, as the
Court, in the circumstances of each case, thinks fit.

(3) For the purposes of this section a lease includes an original
or derivative under-lease, also a grant at a fee farm rent, or
securing a rent by condition; and a lessee includes an original or
derivative under-lessee and the heirs, executors, administrators, and
assigns of a lessee, also a grantee under such a grant as
aforesaid, his heirs and assigns; and a lessor includes an original
or derivative under-lessor, and the heirs, executors, administrators,
and assigns of a lessor, also a grantor as aforesaid, and his
heirs and assigns.

(4) This section applies although the proviso or stipulation under
which the right of re-entry or forfeiture accrues is inserted in
the lease in pursuance of the directions of any Act of Parliament.

(5) For the purposes of this section a lease limited to continue
as long only as the lessee abstains from committing a breach of
covenant shall be and take effect as a lease to continue for any
longer term for which it could subsist, but determinable by a
proviso for re-entry on such a breach.

(6) This section does not extend

(i)To a covenant or condition against the assigning, under-letting,
parting with the possession, or disposing of the land leased; or to
a condition for forfeiture on the bankruptcy of the lessee, or on
the taking in execution of the lessee's interest; or

(ii)In case of a mining lease, to a covenant or condition for
allowing the lessor to have access to or inspect books, accounts,
records, weighing machines or other things, or to enter or inspect
the mine or the workings thereof.

Subs.(7) rep. by SLR 1894

(8) This section shall not affect the law relating to re-entry or
forfeiture or relief in case of non-payment of rent.

(9) This section applies to leases made either before or after the
commencement of this Act, and shall have effect notwithstanding any
stipulation to the contrary.

Obligation on mortgagee to transfer instead of reconveying.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 15

15.(1) Where a mortgagor is entitled to redeem, he shall by virtue
of this Act, have power to require the mortgagee, instead of
re-conveying, and on the terms on which he would be bound to
re-convey, to assign the mortgage debt and convey the mortgaged
property to any third person, as the mortgagor directs; and the
mortgagee shall, by virtue of this Act, be bound to assign and
convey accordingly.

(2) This section does not apply in the case of a mortgagee being
or having been in possession.

(3) This section applies to mortgages made either before or after
the commencement of this Act, and shall have effect notwithstanding
any stipulation to the contrary.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 16
Power for mortgagor to inspect title deeds.

16.(1) A mortgagor, as long as his right to redeem subsists, shall,
by virtue of this Act, be entitled from time to time, at
reasonable times, on his request, and at his own cost, and on
payment of the mortgagee's costs and expenses in this behalf, to
inspect and make copies or abstracts of or extracts from the
documents of title relating to the mortgaged property in the custody
or power of the mortgagee.

(2) This section applies only to mortgages made after the
commencement of this Act, and shall have effect notwithstanding any
stipulation to the contrary.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 17
Restriction on consolidation of mortgages.

17.(1) A mortgagor seeking to redeem any one mortgage, shall, by
virtue of this Act, be entitled to do so, without paying any money
due under any separate mortgage made by him, or by any person
through whom he claims, on property other than that comprised in
the mortgage which he seeks to redeem.

(2) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the mortgage deeds or one of them.

(3) This section applies only where the mortgages or one of them
are or is made after the commencement of this Act.

Leasing powers of mortgagor and of mortgagee in possession.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 18

18.(1) A mortgagor of land while in possession shall, as against
every incumbrancer, have, by virtue of this Act, power to make from
time to time any such lease of the mortgaged land, or any part
thereof, as is in this section described and authorised.

(2) A mortgagee of land while in possession shall, as against all
prior incumbrancers, if any, and as against the mortgagor, have, by
virtue of this Act, power to make from time to time any such
lease as aforesaid.

(3) The leases which this section authorises are

(i)An agricultural or occupation lease for any term not exceeding
twenty-one years; and

(ii)A building lease for any term not exceeding ninety-nine years.

(4) Every person making a lease under this section may execute and
do all assurances and things necessary or proper in that behalf.

(5) Every such lease shall be made to take effect in possession
not later than twelve months after its date.

(6) Every such lease shall reserve the best rent that can
reasonably be obtained, regard being had to the circumstances of the
case, but without any fine being taken.

(7) Every such lease shall contain a covenant by the lessee for
payment of the rent, and a condition of re-entry on the rent not
being paid within a time therein specified not exceeding thirty
days.

(8) A counterpart of every such lease shall be executed by the
lessee and delivered to the lessor, of which execution and delivery
the execution of the lease by the lessor shall, in favour of the
lessee and all persons deriving title under him, be sufficient
evidence.

(9) Every such building lease shall be made in consideration of the
lessee, or some person by whose direction the lease is granted,
having erected, or agreeing to erect within not more than five
years from the date of the lease, buildings, new or additional, or
having improved or repaired buildings, or agreeing to improve or
repair buildings within that time, or having executed, or agreeing
to execute, within that time, on the land leased, an improvement
for or in connexion with building purposes.

(10) In any such building lease a peppercorn rent, or a nominal or
other rent less than the rent ultimately payable, may be made
payable for the first five years, or any less part of the term.

(11) In case of a lease by the mortgagor, he shall, within one
month after making the lease, deliver to the mortgagee, or, where
there are more than one, to the mortgagee first in priority, a
counterpart of the lease duly executed by the lessee; but the
lessee shall not be concerned to see that this provision is
complied with.

(12) A contract to make or accept a lease under this section may
be enforced by or against every person on whom the lease if
granted would be binding.

(13) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed by the mortgagor and mortgagee in the
mortgage deed, or otherwise in writing, and shall have effect
subject to the terms of the mortgage deed or of any such writing
and to the provisions therein contained.

(14) Nothing in this Act shall prevent the mortgage deed from
reserving to or conferring on the mortgagor or the mortgagee, or
both, any further or other powers of leasing or having reference to
leasing; and any further or other powers so reserved or conferred
shall be exerciseable, as far as may be, as if they were conferred
by this Act, and with all the like incidents, effects, and
consequences, unless a contrary intention is expressed in the
mortgage deed.

(15) Nothing in this Act shall be construed to enable a mortgagor
or mortgagee to make a lease for any longer term or on any other
conditions than such as could have been granted or imposed by the
mortgagor, with the concurrence of all the incumbrances, if this Act
had not been passed.

(16) This section applies only in case of a mortgage made after
the commencement of this Act; but the provisions thereof, or any of
them, may, by agreement in writing made after the commencement of
this Act, between mortgagor and mortgagee, be applied to a mortgage
made before the commencement of this Act, so, nevertheless, than any
such agreement shall not prejudicially affect any right or interest
of any mortgagee not joining in or adopting the agreement.

(17) The provisions of this section referring to a lease shall be
construed to extend and apply, as far as circumstances admit, to
any letting, and to an agreement, whether in writing or not, for
leasing or letting.

Powers incident to estate or interest of mortgagee.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 19

19.(1) A mortgagee, where the mortgage is made by deed, shall, by
virtue of this Act, have the following powers, to the like extent
as if they had been in terms conferred by the mortgage deed, but
not further (namely):

(i)A power, when the mortgage money has become due, to sell, or to
concur with any other person in selling, the mortgaged property, or
any part thereof, either subject to prior charges, or not, and
either together or in lots, by public auction or by private
contract, subject to such conditions respecting title, or evidence of
title, or other matter, as he (the mortgagee) thinks fit, with
power to vary any contract for sale, and to buy in at an auction,
or to rescind any contract for sale, and to re-sell, without being
answerable for any loss occasioned thereby; and

(ii)A power, at any time after the date of the mortgage deed, to
insure and keep insured against loss or damage by fire any
building, or any effects or property of an insurable nature, whether
affixed to the freehold or not, being or forming part of the
mortgaged property, and the premiums paid for any such insurance
shall be a charge on the mortgaged property, in addition to the
mortgage money, and with the same priority, and with interest at
the same rate, as the mortgage money; and

(iii)A power, when the mortgage money has become due, to appoint a
receiver of the income of the mortgaged property, or of any part
thereof; and

(iv)A power, while the mortgagee is in possession, to cut and sell
timber and other trees ripe for cutting, and not planted or left
standing for shelter or ornament, or to contract for any such
cutting and sale, to be completed within any time not exceeding
twelve months from the making of the contract.

(2) The provisions of this Act relating to the foregoing powers,
comprised either in this section, or in any subsequent section
regulating the exercise of those powers, may be varied or extended
by the mortgage deed, and, as so varied or extended, shall, as far
as may be, operate in the like manner and with all the like
incidents, effects, and consequences, as if such variations or
extensions were contained in this Act.

(3) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the mortgage deed, and shall have
effect subject to the terms of the mortgage deed and to the
provisions therein contained.

(4) This section applies only where the mortgage deed is executed
after the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 20
Regulation of exercise of power of sale.

20. A mortgagee shall not exercise the power of sale conferred by
this Act unless and until

(i)Notice requiring payment of the mortgage money has been served on
the mortgagor or one of several mortgagors, and default has been
made in payment of the mortgage money, or of part thereof, for
three months after such service; or

(ii)Some interest under the mortgage is in arrear and unpaid for
two months after becoming due; or

(iii)There has been a breach of some provision contained in the
mortgage deed or in this Act, and on the part of the mortgagor,
or of some person concurring in making the mortgage, to be observed
or performed, other than and besides a covenant for payment of the
mortgage money or interest thereon.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 21
Conveyance, receipt, &c. on sale.

21.(1) A mortgagee exercising the power of sale conferred by this
Act shall have power, by deed, to convey the property sold, for
such estate and interest therein as is the subject of the mortgage,
freed from all estates, interests, and rights to which the mortgage
has priority, but subject to all estates, interests, and rights
which have priority to the mortgage; ....

(2) Where a conveyance is made in professed exercise of the power
of sale conferred by this Act, the title of the purchaser shall
not be impeachable on the ground that no case had arisen to
authorise the sale, or that due notice was not given, or that the
power was otherwise improperly or irregularly exercised; but any
person damnified by an unauthorised, or improper, or irregular
exercise of the power shall have his remedy in damages against the
person exercising the power.

(3) The money which is received by the mortgagee, arising from the
sale, after discharge of prior incumbrances to which the sale is
not made subject, if any, or after payment into Court under this
Act of a sum to meet any prior incumbrance, shall be held by him
in trust to be applied by him, first, in payment of all costs,
charges, and expenses, properly incurred by him, as incident to the
sale or any attempted sale, or otherwise; and secondly, in discharge
of the mortgage money, interest, and costs, and other money, if
any, due under the mortgage; and the residue of the money so
received shall be paid to the person entitled to the mortgaged
property, or authorised to give receipts for the proceeds of the
sale thereof.

(4) The power of sale conferred by this Act may be exercised by
any person for the time being entitled to receive and give a
discharge for the mortgage money.

(5) The power of sale conferred by this Act shall not affect the
right of foreclosure.

(6) The mortgagee, his executors, administrators, or assigns, shall
not be answerable for any involuntary loss happening in or about
the exercise or execution of the power of sale conferred by this
Act or of any trust connected therewith [or of any power or
provision contained in the mortgage deed].

(7) At any time after the power of sale conferred by this Act has
become exerciseable, the person entitled to exercise the same may
demand and recover from any person, other than a person having in
the mortgaged property an estate, interest, or right in priority to
the mortgage, all the deeds and documents relating to the property,
or to the title thereto, which a purchaser under the power of sale
would be entitled to demand and recover from him.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 22
Mortgagees's receipts, discharges, &c.

22.(1) The receipt in writing of a mortgagee shall be a sufficient
discharge for any money arising under the power of sale conferred
by this Act, or for any money or securities comprised in his
mortgage, or arising thereunder; and a person paying or transferring
the same to the mortgagee shall not be concerned to inquire whether
any money remains due under the mortgage.

(2) Money received by a mortgagee under his mortgage or from the
proceeds of securities comprised in his mortgage shall be applied in
like manner as in this Act directed respecting money received by
him arising from a sale under the power of sale conferred by this
Act; but with this variation, that the costs, charges, and expenses
payable shall include the costs, charges, and expenses properly
incurred of recovering and receiving the money or securities, and of
conversion of securities into money, instead of those incident to
sale.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 23
Amount and application of insurance money.

23.(1) The amount of an insurance effected by a mortgagee against
loss or damage by fire under the power in that behalf conferred by
this Act shall not exceed the amount specified in the mortgage
deed, or, if no amount is therein specified, then shall not exceed
two third parts of the amount that would be required, in case of
total destruction, to restore the property insured.

(2) An insurance shall not, under the power conferred by this Act,
be effected by a mortgagee in any of the following cases (namely):

(i)Where there is a declaration in the mortgage deed that no
insurance is required:

(ii)Where an insurance is kept up by or on behalf of the mortgagor
in accordance with the mortgage deed:

(iii)Where the mortgage deed contains no stipulation respecting
insurance, and an insurance is kept up by or on behalf of the
mortgagor, to the amount in which the mortgagee is by this Act
authorized to insure.

(3) All money received on an insurance effected under the mortgage
deed or under this Act shall, if the mortgagee so requires, be
applied by the mortgagor in making good the loss or damage in
respect of which the money is received.

(4) Without prejudice to any obligation to the contrary imposed by
law, or by special contract, a mortgagee may require that all money
received on an insurance be applied in or towards discharge of the
money due under his mortgage.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 24
Appointment, powers, remuneration, and duties of receiver.

24.(1) A mortgagee entitled to appoint a receiver under the power
in that behalf conferred by this Act shall not appoint a receiver
until he has become entitled to exercise the power of sale
conferred by this Act, but may then, by writing under his hand,
appoint such person as he thinks fit to be receiver.

(2) The receiver shall be deemed to be the agent of the mortgagor;
and the mortgagor shall be solely responsible for the receiver's
acts or defaults, unless the mortgage deed otherwise provides.

(3) The receiver shall have power to demand and recover all the
income of the property of which he is appointed receiver, by
action, distress, or otherwise, in the name either of the mortgagor
or of the mortgagee, to the full extent of the estate or interest
which the mortgagor could dispose of, and to give effectual
receipts, accordingly, for the same.

(4) A person paying money to the receiver shall not be concerned
to inquire whether any case has happened to authorize the receiver
to act.

(5) The receiver may be removed, and a new receiver may be
appointed, from time to time by the mortgagee by writing under his
hand.

(6) The receiver shall be entitled to retain out of any money
received by him, for his remuneration, and in satisfaction of all
costs, charges, and expenses incurred by him as receiver, a
commission at such rate, not exceeding five per centum on the gross
amount of all money received, as is specified in his appointment,
and if no rate is so specified, then at the rate of five per
centum on that gross amount, or at such higher rate as the Court
thinks fit to allow, on application made by him for that purpose.

(7) The receiver shall, if so directed in writing by the mortgagee,
insure and keep insured against loss or damage by fire, out of
money received by him, any building, effects, or property comprised
in the mortgage, whether affixed to the freehold or not, being of
an insurable nature.

(8) The receiver shall apply all money received by him as follows
(namely):

(i)In discharge of all rents, taxes, rates, and outgoings whatever
affecting the mortgaged property; and

(ii)In keeping down all annual sums or other payments, and the
interest on all principal sums, having priority to the mortgage in
right whereof he is receiver; and

(iii)In payment of his commission, and of the premiums on fire,
life, or other insurances, if any, properly payable under the
mortgage deed or under this Act, and the cost of executing
necessary or proper repairs directed in writing by the mortgagee;
and

(iv)In payment of the interest accruing due in respect of any
principal money due under the mortgage;

Form of statutoryy mortgage in schedule.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 26

26.(1) A mortgage of freehold or leasehold land may be made by a
deed expressed to be made by way of statutory mortgage, being in
the form given in Part I of the Third Schedule to this Act, with
such variations and additions, if any, as circumstances may require,
and the provisions of this section shall apply thereto.

(2) There shall be deemed to be included, and there shall by
virtue of this Act be implied, in the mortgage deed

First, a covenant with the mortgagee by the person expressed therein
to convey as mortgagor to the effect following (namely):

That the mortgagor will, on the stated day, pay to the mortgagee
the stated mortgage money, with interest thereon in the meantime, at
the stated rate, and will thereafter, if and as long as the
mortgage money or any part thereof remains unpaid, pay to the
mortgagee interest thereon, or on the unpaid part thereof, at the
stated rate, by equal half-yearly payments, the first thereof to be
made at the end of six calendar months from the date stated for
payment of the mortgage money:

Secondly, a proviso to the effect following (namely):

That if the mortgagor, on the stated day, pays to the mortgagee
the stated mortgage money, with interest thereon in the meantime, at
the stated rate, the mortgagee at any time thereafter, at the
request and cost of the mortgagor, shall re-convey the mortgaged
property to the mortgagor, or as he shall direct.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 27
Form of statutory transfer of mortgage in schedule.

27.(1) A transfer of a statutory mortgage may be made by a deed
expressed to be made by way of statutory transfer of mortgage,
being in such one of the three forms (A) and (B) and (C) given
in Part II of the Third Schedule to this Act as may be
appropriate to the case, with such variations and additions, if any,
as circumstances may require, and the provisions of this section
shall apply thereto.

(2) In whichever of those three forms the deed of transfer is
made, it shall have effect as follows (namely):

(i)There shall become vested in the person to whom the benefit of
the mortgage is expressed to be transferred, who, with his
executors, administrators, and assigns, is hereafter in this section
designated the transferee, the right to demand, sue for, recover,
and give receipts for the mortgage money, or the unpaid part
thereof, and the interest then due, if any, and thenceforth to
become due, thereon, and the benefit of all securities for the
same, and the benefit of and the right to sue on all covenants
with the mortgagee, and the right to exercise all powers of the
mortgagee:

(ii)All the estate and interest, subject to redemption, of the
mortgagee in the mortgaged land shall vest in the transferee subject
to redemption.

(3) If the deed of transfer is made in the form (B), there shall
also be deemed to be included, and there shall by virtue of this
Act be implied therein, a covenant with the transferee by the
person expressed to join therein as covenantor to the effect
following (namely):

That the covenantor will, on the next of the days by the mortgage
deed fixed for payment of interest, pay to the transferee the
stated mortgage money, or so much thereof as then remains unpaid,
with interest thereon, or on the unpaid part thereof, in the
meantime, at the rate stated in the mortgage deed; and will
thereafter, as long as the mortgage money, or any part thereof,
remains unpaid, pay to the transferee interest on that sum, or the
unpaid part thereof, at the same rate, on the successive days by
the mortgage deed fixed for payment of interest.

(4) If the deed of transfer is made in the form (C), it shall,
by virtue of this Act, operate not only as a statutory transfer of
mortgage, but also as a statutory mortgage, and the provisions of
this section shall have effect in relation thereto, accordingly; but
it shall not be liable to any increased stamp duty by reason only
of it being designated a mortgage.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 28
Implied covenants, joint and several.

28. In a deed of statutory mortgage, or of statutory transfer of
mortgage, where more persons than one are expressed to convey as
mortgagors, or to join as covenantors, the implied covenant on their
part shall be deemed to be a joint and several covenant by them;
and where there are more mortgagees or more transferees than one,
the implied covenant with them shall be deemed to be a covenant
with them jointly, unless the amount secured is expressed to be
secured to them in shares or distinct sums, in which latter case
the implied covenant with them shall be deemed to be a covenant
with each severally in respect of the share or distinct sum secured
to him.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 29
Form of reconveyance of statutory mortgage in schedule.

29. A re-conveyance of a statutory mortgage may be made by a deed
expressed to be made by way of statutory re-conveyance of mortgage,
being in the form given in Part III of the Third Schedule to this
Act, with such variations and additions, if any, as circumstances
may require.

Part VI (s.30) rep. by SLR 1894; (with saving) 1955 c.24 (NI) s.46
sch.3

Part VII (ss.3138) rep. by 1893 c.53 s.51 sch.

Part VIIIS.39 rep. by 1911 c.37 s.7(3). S.40 rep. by 1971 c.33
(NI) s.11(2) sch.2

Sales and leases on behalf of infant owner.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 41

41. Where a person in his own right seised of or entitled to land
for an estate in fee simple, or for any leasehold interest at a
rent, is an infant, the land shall be deemed to be a settled
estate within the Settled Estates Act, 1877.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 42
Management of land and receipt and application of income during
minority.

42.(1) If and as long as any person who would but for this
section be beneficially entitled to the possession of any land is
an infant, and being a woman is also unmarried, the trustees
appointed for this purpose by the settlement, if any, or if there
are none so appointed, then the persons, if any, who are for the
time being under the settlement trustees with power of sale of the
settled land, or of part thereof, or with power of consent to or
approval of the exercise of such a power of sale, or if there are
none, then any persons appointed as trustees for this purpose by
the Court, on the application of a guardian or next friend of the
infant, may enter into and continue in possession of the land; and
in every such case the subsequent provisions of this section shall
apply.

(2) The trustees shall manage or superintend the management of the
land, with full power to fell timber or cut underwood from time to
time in the usual course for sale, or for repairs or otherwise,
and to erect, pull down, rebuild, and repair houses, and other
buildings and erections, and to continue the working of mines,
minerals, and quarries which have usually been worked, and to drain
or otherwise improve the land or any part thereof, and to insure
against loss by fire, and to make allowances to and arrangements
with tenants and others, and to determine tenancies, and to accept
surrenders of leases and tenancies, and generally to deal with the
land in a proper and due course of management; but so that, where
the infant is impeachable for waste, the trustees shall not commit
waste, and shall cut timber on the same terms only, and subject to
the same restrictions, on and subject to which the infant could, if
of full age, cut the same.

(3) The trustees may from time to time, out of the income of the
land, including the produce of the sale of timber and underwood,
pay the expenses incurred in the management, or in the exercise of
any power conferred by this section, or otherwise in relation to
the land, and all outgoings not payable by any tenant or other
person, and shall keep down any annual sum, and the interest of
any principal sum, charged on the land.

Subs.(4)(5) rep. by 1958 c.23 (NI) s.69 sch.2

(6) Where the infant's estate or interest is in an undivided share
of land, the powers of this section relative to the land may be
exercised jointly with persons entitled to possession of, or having
power to act in relation to, the other undivided share or shares.

(7) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the instrument under which the
interest of the infant arises, and shall have effect subject to the
terms of that instrument and to the provisions therein contained.

(8) This section applies only where that instrument comes into
operation after the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 43
Application by trustees of income of property of infant for
maintenance, &c.

43.(1) Where any property is held by trustees in trust for an
infant, either for life, or for any greater interest, and whether
absolutely, or contingently on his attaining the age of [eighteen]
years, or on the occurrence of any event before his attaining that
age, the trustees may, at their sole discretion, pay to the
infant's parent or guardian, if any, or otherwise apply for or
towards the infant's maintenance, education, or benefit, the income
of that property, or any part thereof, whether there is any other
fund applicable to the same purpose, or any person bound by law to
provide for the infant's maintenance or education, or not.

(2) The trustees shall accumulate all the residue of that income in
the way of compound interest, by investing the same and the
resulting income thereof from time to time on securities on which
they are by the settlement, if any, or by law, authorized to
invest trust money, and shall hold those accumulations for the
benefit of the person who ultimately becomes entitled to the
property from which the same arise; but so that the trustees may
at any time, if they think fit, apply those accumulations, or any
part thereof, as if the same were income arising in the then
current year.

(3) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the instrument under which the
interest of the infant arises, and shall have effect subject to the
terms of that instrument and to the provisions therein contained.

(4) This section applies whether that instrument comes into operation
before or after the commencement of this Act.

Remedies for recovery of annual sums charged on land.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 44

44.(1) Where a person is entitled to receive out of any land, or
out of the income of any land, any annual sum, payable half-yearly
or otherwise, whether charged on the land or on the income of the
land, and whether by way of rentcharge or otherwise, not being rent
incident to a reversion, then, subject and without prejudice to all
estates, interests, and rights having priority to the annual sum,
the person entitled to receive the same shall have such remedies
for recovering and compelling payment of the same as are described
in this section, as far as those remedies might have been conferred
by the instrument under which the annual sum arises, but not
further.

Subs.(2) rep. by 1969 c.30 (NI) s.132 sch.6

(3) If at any time the annual sum or any part thereof is unpaid
for forty days next after the time appointed for any payment in
respect thereof, then, although no legal demand has been made for
payment thereof, the person entitled to receive the annual sum may
enter into possession of and hold the land charged or any part
thereof, and take the income thereof, until thereby or otherwise the
annual sum and all arrears thereof due at the time of his entry,
or afterwards becoming due during his continuance in possession, and
all costs and expenses occasioned by non-payment of the annual sum,
are fully paid; and such possession when taken shall be without
impeachment of waste.

(4) In the like case the person entitled to the annual charge,
whether taking possession or not, may also by deed demise the land
charged, or any part thereof, to a trustee for a term of years,
with or without impeachment of waste, on trust, by mortgage, or
sale, or demise, for all or any part of the term, of the land
charged, or of any part thereof, or by receipt of the income
thereof, or by all or any of those means, or by any other
reasonable means, to raise and pay the annual sum and all arrears
thereof due or to become due, and all costs and expenses occasioned
by non-payment of the annual sum, or incurred in compelling or
obtaining payment thereof, or otherwise relating thereto, including
the costs of the preparation and execution of the deed of demise,
and the costs of the execution of the trusts of that deed; and
the surplus, if any, of the money raised, or of the income
received, under the trusts of that deed shall be paid to the
person for the time being entitled to the land therein comprised in
reversion immediately expectant on the term thereby created.

(5) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the instrument under which the annual
sum arises, and shall have effect subject to the terms of that
instrument and to the provisions therein contained.

(6) This section applies only where that instrument comes into
operation after the commencement of this Act.

Ss.4647 rep. by 1971 c.33 (NI) s.11(2) sch.2PS080048.[(1) An
instrument creating a power of attorney, its execution being verified
by affidavit, statutory declaration, or other sufficient evidence,
may, with the affidavit or declaration, if any, be deposited in the
proper office of the Supreme Court in Ireland.

(2) A separate file of instruments [deposited under this section
before the commencement of the Powers of Attorney Act (Northern
Ireland) 1971] shall be kept, and any person may search that file,
and inspect every instrument so deposited, and an office copy
thereof shall be delivered out to him on request.

(3) A copy of an instrument so deposited may be presented at the
office, and may be stamped or marked as an office copy, and when
so stamped or marked shall become and be an office copy.

Subs.(4) rep. by 1940 c.28 s.4(2); subs.(5) rep. by 1978 c.23
s.122(2) sch.7 Pt.I; subs.(6) rep. by 1971 c.33 (NI) s.11(2) sch.2

Use of word grant unnecessary.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 49
Deposit of original instruments creating powers of attorney.

49.(1) It is hereby declared that the use of the word grant is
not necessary in order to convey tenements or hereditaments,
corporeal or incorporeal.

(2) This section applies to conveyances made before or after the
commencement of this Act.

S.50 rep. by 1978 NI 4 art.16(2) sch.2 Pt.I

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 51
Words of limitation in fee or in tail.

51.(1) In a deed it shall be sufficient, in the limitation of an
estate in fee simple, to use the words in fee simple, without the
word heirs; and in the limitation of an estate in tail, to use
the words in tail without the words heirs of the body; and in the
limitation of an estate in tail male or in tail female, to use
the words in tail male, or in tail female, as the case requires,
without the words heirs male of the body, or heirs female of the
body.

(2) This section applies only to deeds executed after the
commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 52
Powers simply collateral.

52.(1) A person to whom any power, whether coupled with an interest
or not, is given may by deed release, or contract not to exercise,
the power.

(2) This section applies to powers created by instruments coming
into operation either before or after the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 53
Construction of supplemental or annexed deed.

53.(1) A deed expressed to be supplemental to a previous deed, or
directed to be read as an annex thereto, shall, as far as may be,
be read and have effect as if the deed so expressed or directed
were made by way of indorsement on the previous deed, or contained
a full recital thereof.

(2) This section applies to deeds executed either before or after
the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 54
Receipt in deed sufficient

54.(1) A receipt for consideration money or securities in the body
of a deed shall be a sufficient discharge for the same to the
person paying or delivering the same, without any further receipt
for the same being indorsed on the deed.

(2) This section applies only to deeds executed after the
commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 55
Receipt in deed or indorsed, evidence for subsequent purchaser.

55.(1) A receipt for consideration money or other consideration in
the body of a deed or indorsed thereon shall, in favour of a
subsequent purchaser, not having notice that the money or other
consideration thereby acknowledged to be received was not in fact
paid or given, wholly or in part, be sufficient evidence of the
payment or giving of the whole amount thereof.

(2) This section applies only to deeds executed after the
commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 56
Receipt in deed or indorsed, authority for payment to solicitor.

56.(1) Where a solicitor produces a deed, having in the body
thereof or indorsed thereon a receipt for consideration money or
other consideration, the deed being executed, or the indorsed receipt
being signed, by the person entitled to give a receipt for that
consideration, the deed shall be sufficient authority to the person
liable to pay or give the same for his paying or giving the same
to the solicitor, without the solicitor producing any separate or
other direction or authority in that behalf from the person who
executed or signed the deed or receipt.

(2) This section applies only in cases where consideration is to be
paid or given after the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 57
Sufficiency of forms in Fourth Schedule.

57. Deeds in the form of and using the expressions in the Forms
given in the Fourth Schedule to this Act, or in the like form or
using expressions to the like effect, shall, as regards form and
expression in relation to the provisions of this Act, be sufficient.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 58
Covenants to bind heirs, &c.

58.(1) A covenant relating to land of inheritance, or devolving on
the heir as special occupant, shall be deemed to be made with the
covenantee, his heirs and assigns, and shall have effect as if
heirs and assigns were expressed.

(2) A covenant relating to land not of inheritance, or not
devolving on the heir as special occupant, shall be deemed to be
made with the covenantee, his executors, administrators, and assigns,
and shall have effect as if executors, administrators, and assigns
were expressed.

(3) This section applies only to covenants made after the
commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 59
Covenants to extend to heirs, &c.

59.(1) A covenant, and a contract under seal, and a bond or
obligation under seal, though not expressed to bind the heirs, shall
operate in law to bind the heirs and real estate, as well as the
executors and administrators and personal estate, of the person
making the same, as if heirs were expressed.

(2) This section extends to a covenant implied by virtue of this
Act.

(3) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the covenant, contract, bond, or
obligation, and shall have effect subject to the terms of the
covenant, contract, bond, or obligation, and to the provisions
therein contained.

(4) This section applies only to a covenant, contract, bond, or
obligation made or implied after the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 60
Effect of covenant with two or more jointly.

60.(1) A covenant, and a contract under seal, and a bond or
obligation under seal, made with two or more jointly, to pay money
or to make a conveyance, or to do any other act, to them or for
their benefit, shall be deemed to include, and shall, by virtue of
this Act, imply, an obligation to do the act to, or for the
benefit of, the survivor or survivors of them, and to, or for the
benefit of, any other person to whom the right to sue on the
covenant, contract, bond, or obligation devolves.

(2) This section extends to a covenant implied by virtue of this
Act.

(3) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the covenant, contract, bond, or
obligation, and shall have effect subject to the covenant, contract,
bond, or obligation, and to the provisions therein contained.

(4) This section applies only to a covenant, contract, bond, or
obligation made or implied after the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 61
Effect of advance, on joint account, &c.

61.(1) Where in a mortgage, or an obligation for payment of money,
or a transfer of a mortgage or of such an obligation, the sum, or
any part of the sum, advanced or owing is expressed to be advanced
by or owing to more persons than one out of money, or as money,
belonging to them on a joint account, or a mortgage, or such an
obligation, or such a transfer is made to more persons than one,
jointly, and not in shares, the mortgage money, or other money, or
money's worth for the time being due to those persons on the
mortgage or obligation, shall be deemed to be and remain money or
money's worth belonging to those persons on a joint account, as
between them and the mortgagor or obligor; and the receipt in
writing of the survivors or last survivor of them, or of the
personal representatives of the last survivor, shall be a complete
discharge for all money or money's worth for the time being due,
notwithstanding any notice to the payer of a severance of the joint
account.

(2) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the mortgage, or obligation, or
transfer, and shall have effect subject to the terms of the
mortgage, or obligation, or transfer, and to the provisions therein
contained.

(3) This section applies only to a mortgage, or obligation, or
transfer made after the commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 62
Grants of easements, &c., by way of use.

62.(1) A conveyance of freehold land to the use that any person
may have, for an estate or interest not exceeding in duration the
estate conveyed in the land, any easement, right, liberty, or
privilege in, or over, or with respect to that land, or any part
thereof, shall operate to vest in possession in that person that
easement, right, liberty, or privilege, for the estate or interest
expressed to be limited to him; and he, and the persons deriving
title under him, shall have, use, and enjoy the same accordingly.

(2) This section applies only to conveyances made after the
commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 63
Provision for all the estate, &c.

63.(1) Every conveyance shall, by virtue of this Act, be effectual
to pass all the estate, right, title, interest, claim, and demand
which the conveying parties respectively have, in, to, or on the
property conveyed, or expressed or intended so to be, or which they
respectively have power to convey in, to, or on the same.

(2) This section applies only if and as far as a contrary
intention is not expressed in the conveyance, and shall have effect
subject to the terms of the conveyance and to the provisions
therein contained.

(3) This section applies only to conveyances made after the
commencement of this Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 64
Construction of implied covenants.

64. In the construction of a covenant or proviso, or other
provision, implied in a deed by virtue of this Act, words importing
the singular or plural number, or the masculine gender, shall be
read as also importing the plural or singular number, or as
extending to females, as the case may require.

Enlargement of residue of long term into fee simple.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 65

65.(1) Where a residue unexpired of not less than two hundred years
of a term which, as originally created, was for not less than
three hundred years, is subsisting in land, whether being the whole
land originally comprised in the term, or part only thereof, without
any trust or right of redemption affecting the term in favour of
the freeholder, or other person entitled in reversion expectant on
the term, and without any rent, or with merely a peppercorn rent
or other rent having no money value, incident to the reversion, or
having had a rent, not being merely a peppercorn rent or other
rent having no money value, originally so incident, which
subsequently has been released, or has become barred by lapse of
time, or has in any other way ceased to be payable, then the term
may be enlarged into a fee simple in the manner, and subject to
the restrictions, in this section provided.

(2) Each of the following persons (namely):

(i)Any person beneficially entitled in right of the term, whether
subject to any incumbrance or not, to possession of any land
comprised in the term; ...;

(ii)Any person being in receipt of income as trustee, in right of
the term, or having the term vested in him in trust for sale,
whether subject to any incumbrance or not;

(iii)Any person in whom, as personal representative of any deceased
person, the term is vested, whether subject to any incumbrance or
not;

(3) Thereupon, by virtue of the deed and of this Act, the term
shall become and be enlarged accordingly, and the person in whom
the term was previously vested shall acquire and have in the land
a fee simple instead of the term.

(4) The estate in fee simple so acquired by enlargement shall be
subject to all the same trusts, powers, executory limitations over,
rights, and equities, and to all the same covenants and provisions
relating to user and enjoyment, and to all the same obligations of
every kind, as the term would have been subject to if it had not
been so enlarged.

(5) But where any land so held for the residue of a term has
been settled in trust by reference to other land, being freehold
land, so as to go along with that other land as far as the law
permits, and, at the time of enlargement, the ultimate beneficial
interest in the term, whether subject to any subsisting particular
estate or not, has not become absolutely and indefeasibly vested in
any person, then the estate in fee simple acquired as aforesaid
shall, without prejudice to any conveyance for value previously made
by a person having a contingent or defeasible interest in the term,
be liable to be, and shall be, conveyed and settled in like manner
as the other land, being freehold land, aforesaid, and until so
conveyed and settled shall devolve beneficially as if it had been
so conveyed and settled.

(6) The estate in fee simple so acquired shall, whether the term
was originally created without impeachment of waste or not, include
the fee simple in all mines and minerals which at the time of
enlargement have not been severed in right, or in fact, or have
not be ensevered or reserved by an inclosure Act or award.

(7) This section applies to every such term as aforesaid subsisting
at or after the commencement of this Act.

Protection of solicitor and trustees adopting Act.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 66

66.(1) It is hereby declared that the powers given by this Act to
any person, and the covenants, provisions, stipulations, and words
which under this Act are to be deemed included or implied in any
instrument, or are by this Act made applicable to any contract for
sale or other transaction, are and shall be deemed in law proper
powers, covenants, provisions, stipulations, and words, to be given
by or to be contained in any such instrument, or to be adopted in
connexion with, or applied to, any such contract or transaction; and
a solicitor shall not be deemed guilty of neglect or breach of
duty, or become in any way liable, by reason of his omitting, in
good faith, in any such instrument, or in connexion with any such
contract or transaction, to negative the giving, inclusion,
implication, or application of any of those powers, covenants,
provisions, stipulations, or words, or to insert or apply any others
in place thereof, in any case where the provisions of this Act
would allow of his doing so.

(2) But nothing in this Act shall be taken to imply that the
insertion in any such instrument, or the adoption in connexion with,
or the application to, any contract or transaction, of any further
or other powers, covenants, provisions, stipulations, or words is
improper.

(3) Where the solicitor is acting for trustees, executors, or other
persons in a fiduciary position those persons shall also be
protected in like manner.

(4) Where such persons are acting without a solicitor, they shall
also be protected in like manner.

Regulations respecting notice.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 67

67.(1) Any notice required or authorized by this Act to be served
shall be in writing.

(2) Any notice required or authorized by this Act to be served on
a lessee or mortgagor shall be sufficient, although only addressed
to the lessee or mortgagor by that designation, without his name,
or generally to the persons interested, without any name, and
notwithstanding that any person to be affected by the notice is
absent, under disability, unborn, or unascertained.

(3) Any notice required or authorized by this Act to be served
shall be sufficiently served if it is left at the last-known place
of abode or business in the United Kingdom of the lessee, lessor,
mortgagee, mortgagor, or other person to be served, or, in case of
a notice required or authorized to be served on a lessee or
mortgagor, is affixed or left for him on the land or any house or
building comprised in the lease or mortgage, or, in case of a
mining lease, is left for the lessee at the office or
counting-house of the mine.

(4) Any notice required or authorized by this Act to be served
shall also be sufficiently served, if it is sent by post in a
registered letter addressed to the lessee, lessor, mortgagee,
mortgagor, or other person to be served, by name, at the aforesaid
place of abode or business, office, or counting-house, and if that
letter is not returned through the post office undelivered; and that
service shall be deemed to be made at the time at which the
registered letter would in the ordinary course be delivered.

(5) This section does not apply to notices served in proceedings in
the Court.

S.68 rep. by SLR 1894

Regulations respecting payments into court and applications.

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 69

69.(1) All matters within the jurisdiction of the Court under this
Act shall, subject to the Acts regulating the Court, be assigned to
the Chancery Division of the Court.

(2) Payment of money into Court shall effectually exonerate therefrom
the person making the payment.

Subs.(3) rep. by 1978 c.23 s.122(2) sch.7 Pt.I

(4) On an application by a purchaser notice shall be served in the
first instance on the vendor.

(5) On an application by a vendor notice shall be served in the
first instance on the purchaser.

(6) On any application notice shall be served on such persons, if
any, as the Court thinks fit.

Subs.(7) rep. by 1978 c.23 s.122(2) sch.7 Pt.I; subs.(8) rep. by
SLR 1976; subs.(10) rep. by SLR 1894

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 70
Orders of Court conclusive.

70.(1) An order of the Court under any statutory or other
jurisdiction shall not, as against a purchaser, be invalidated on
the ground of want of jurisdiction, or of want of any concurrence,
consent, notice, or service, whether the purchaser has notice of any
such want or not.

(2) This section shall have effect with respect to any lease, sale,
or other act under the authority of the Court, and purporting to
be in pursuance of the Settled Estates Act, 1887 ... or to be in
pursuance of any former Act repealed by that Act, notwithstanding
any exception in such former Act.

(3) This section applies to all orders made before or after the
commencement of this Act, except any order which has before the
commencement of this Act been set aside or determined to be invalid
on any ground, and except any order as regards which an action or
proceeding is at the commencement of this Act pending for having it
set aside or determined to be invalid.

Part XVII (s.71) rep. by SLR 1894

S.72 Application to Ireland

CONVEYANCING ACT 1881 - SECT 73
Death of bare trustee intestate, &c.

73.(1) Section five of the Vendor and Purchaser Act, 1874, is
hereby repealed from and after the commencement of this Act, as
regards cases of death thereafter happening; ...

(2) This section extends to Ireland only.

First and Second Schedules rep. by SLR 1894

Section 26.

THIS INDENTURE made by way of statutory mortgage the day of 1882
between A. of [&c.] of the one part and M. of [&c.] of the other
part WITNESSETH that in consideration of the sum of # now paid to
A. by M. of which sum A. hereby acknowledges the receipt A. as
mortgagor and as beneficial owner hereby conveys to M. All that
[&c.] To hold to and to the use of M. in fee simple for securing
payment on the day of 1883 of the principal sum of # as the
mortgage money with interest thereon at the rate of [four] per
centum per annum.

In witness &c.

Section 27.

THIS INDENTURE made by way of statutory transfer of mortgage the
day of 1883 between M. of [&c.] of the one part and T. of [&c.]
of the other part supplemental to an indenture made by way of
statutory mortgage dated the day of 1882 and made between [&c.]
WITNESSETH that in consideration of the sum of # now paid to M.
by T. being the aggregate amount of # mortgage money and #
interest due in respect of the said mortgage of which sum M.
hereby acknowledges the receipt M. as mortgagee hereby conveys and
transfers to T. the benefit of the said mortgage.

In witness &c.

THIS INDENTURE made by way of statutory transfer of mortgage the
day of 1883 between A. of [&c.] of the first part B. of [&c.]
the second part and C. of [&c.] of the third part supplemental to
an indenture made by way of statutory mortgage dated the day of
1882 and made between [&c.] WITNESSETH that in consideration of the
sum of # now paid to A. by C. being the mortgage money due in
respect of the said mortgage no interest being now due and payable
thereon of which sum A. hereby acknowledges the receipt A. as
mortgagee with the concurrence of B. who joins herein as covenantor
hereby conveys and transfers to C. the benefit of the said
mortgage.

In witness &c.

THIS INDENTURE made by way of statutory transfer of mortgage and
statutory mortgage the day of 1883 between A. of [&c.] of the 1st
part B. of [&c.] of the 2nd part and C. of [&c.] of the 3rd
part supplemental to an indenture made by way of statutory mortgage
dated the day of 1882 and made between [&c.] WHEREAS the principal
sum of # only remains due in respect of the said mortgage as the
mortgage money and no interest is now due and payable thereon AND
WHEREAS B. is seised in fee simple of the land comprised in the
said mortgage subject to that mortgage. NOW THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH
that in consideration of the sum of # now paid to A. by C. of
which sum A. hereby acknowledges the receipt and B. hereby
acknowledges the payment and receipt as aforesaid A. as mortgagee
hereby conveys and transfers to C. the benefit of the said mortgage
AND THIS INDENTURE ALSO WITNESSETH that for the same consideration
A. as mortgagee and according to his estate and by direction of B.
hereby conveys and B. as beneficial owner hereby conveys and
confirms to C. All that [&c.] To hold to and to the use of C.
in fee simple for securing payment on the day of 1882 of the sum
of # as the mortgage money with interest thereon at the rate of
[four] per centum per annum.

In witness &c.

[Or, in case of further advance, after aforesaid at insert and also
in consideration of the further sum of # now paid by C. to B. of
which sum B. hereby acknowledges the receipt, and after of at
insert the sums of # and # making together]

THIS INDENTURE made by way of statutory re-conveyance of mortgage
the day of 1884 between C. of [&c.] of the one part and B. of
[&c.] of the other part supplemental to an indenture made by way
of statutory transfer of mortgage dated the day of 1883 and made
between [&c.] WITNESSETH that in consideration of all principal money
and interest due under that indenture having been paid of which
principal and interest C. hereby acknowledges the receipt C. as
mortgagee hereby conveys to B. all the lands and hereditaments now
vested in C. under the said indenture To hold to and to the use
of B. in fee simple discharged from all principal money and
interest secured by and from all claims and demands under the said
indenture.

In witness &c.

THIS INDENTURE OF MORTGAGE made the day of 1882 between A. of
[&c.] of the one part and B. of [&c.] and C. of [&c.] the other
part WITNESSETH that in consideration of the sum of # paid to A.
by B. and C. out of money belonging to them on a joint account
of which sum A. hereby acknowledges the receipt A. hereby covenants
with B. and C. to pay to them on the day of 1882 the sum of #
with interest thereon in the meantime at the rate of [four] per
centum per annum and also as long after that day as any principal
money remains due under this mortgage to pay to B. and C. interest
thereon at the same rate by equal half-yearly payments on the day
of and the day of AND THIS INDENTURE ALSO WITNESSETH that for the
same consideration A. as beneficial owner hereby conveys to B. and
C. All that [&c.] To hold to and to the use of B. and C. in
fee simple subject to the proviso for redemption following (namely)
that if A. or any person claiming under him shall on the day of
1882 pay to B. and C. the sum of # and interest thereon at the
rate aforesaid then B. and C. or the persons claiming under them
will at the request and cost of A. or the persons claiming under
him re-convey the premises to A. or the persons claiming under him
AND A. hereby covenants with B. as follows [here add covenant as
to fire insurance or other special covenant required].

In witness, &c.

THIS INDENTURE made the day of 18 between [the same parties as the
foregoing mortgage] and supplemental to an indenture of mortgage
dated the day of 18 and made between the same parties for securing
the sum of # and interest at [four] per centum per annum on
property at [&c.] WITNESSETH that in consideration of the further
sum of # paid to A. by B. and C. out of money belonging to them
on a joint account [add receipt and covenant as in the foregoing
mortgage] and further that all the property comprised in the
before-mentioned indenture of mortgage shall stand charged with the
payment to B. and C. of the sum of # and the interest thereon
herein-before covenanted to be paid as well as the sum of # and
interest secured by the same indenture.

In witness, &c.

THIS INDENTURE made the day of 1883 between A. of [&c.] of the
1st part B. of [&c.] and C. of [&c.] of the 2nd part and M. of
[&c.] of the 3rd part WHEREAS by an indenture dated [&c.] and made
between [&c.] the lands herein-after mentioned were conveyed by A.
to B. and C. in fee simple by way of mortgage for securing # and
interest and by a supplemental indenture dated [&c.] and made
between the same parties those lands were charged by A. with the
payment to B. and C. of the further sum of # and interest thereon
AND WHEREAS a principal sum of # remains due under the two
before-mentioned indentures but all interest thereon has been paid as
B. and C. hereby acknowledge NOW THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH that in
consideration of the sum of # paid by the direction of A. to B.
and C. and of the sum of # paid to A. those two sums making
together the total sum of # paid by M. for the purchase of the
fee simple of the lands herein-after mentioned of which sum of #
B. and C. hereby acknowledge the receipt and of which total sum of
# A. hereby acknowledges the payment and receipt in manner before
mentioned B. and C. as mortgagees and by the direction of A. as
beneficial owner hereby convey and A. as beneficial owner hereby
conveys and confirms to M. All that [&c.] To hold to and to the
use of M. in fee simple discharged from all money secured by and
from all claims under the before-mentioned indentures [Add, if
required, And A. hereby acknowledges the right of M. to production
of the documents of title mentioned in the Schedule hereto and to
delivery of copies thereof and hereby undertakes for the safe
custody thereof].

In witness, &c.

[The Schedule above refered to.

To contain list of documents retained by A.]

THIS INDENTURE made the day of 1882 between John M. of [&c.] of
the 1st part and Jane S. of [&c.] of the 2nd part and X. of
[&c.] and Y. of [&c.] of the 3rd part WITNESSETH that in
consideration of the intended marriage between John M. and Jane S.
John M. as settlor hereby conveys to X. and Y. All that [&c.] To
hold to X. and Y. in fee simple to the use of John M. in fee
simple until the marriage and after the marriage to the use of
John M. during his life without impeachment of waste with remainder
after his death to the use that Jane S. if she survives him may
receive during the rest of her life a yearly jointure rentcharge of
# to commence from his death and to be paid by equal half-yearly
payments the first thereof to be made at the end of six calendar
months from his death if she is then living or if not a
proportional part to be paid at her death and subject to the
before-mentioned rentcharge to the use of X. and Y. for a term of
five hundred years without impeachment of waste on the trusts
herein-after declared and subject thereto to the use of the first
and other sons of John M. and Jane S. successively according to
seniority in tail male with remainder [insert here, if thought
desirable, to the use of the same first and other sons successively
according to seniority in tail with remainder] to the use of all
the daughters of John M. and Jane S. in equal shares as tenants
in common in tail with cross remainders between them in tail with
remainder to the use of John M. in fee simple. [Insert trusts of
term of 500 years for raising portions; also, if required, power to
charge jointure and portions on a future marriage; also powers of
sale, exchange, and partition, and other powers and provisions, if
and as desired.]

In witness, &c.




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URL: http://www.bailii.org/nie/legis/num_act/ca1881141.txt