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United Kingdom Information Tribunal including the National Security Appeals Panel


You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> United Kingdom Information Tribunal including the National Security Appeals Panel >> Robinson v The Information Commissioner and East Ridings Of Yorkshire Council [2007] UKIT EA_2007_0012 (09 October 2007)
URL: http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKIT/2007/EA_2007_0012.html
Cite as: [2007] UKIT EA_2007_12, [2007] UKIT EA_2007_0012

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Information Tribunal Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
Information Commissioners Ref: FS50129838
The Environmental Information Regulations 2004
Heard on the papers on
17 September 2007
Decision Promulgated
9 October 2007
BEFORE
INFORMATION TRIBUNAL DEPUTY CHAIRMAN
ANISA DHANJI
and
LAY MEMBERS
MARION SAUNDERS AND PAUL TAYLOR
BETWEEN:
PETER GRAHAM ROBINSON
Appellant
and
THE INFORMATION COMMISSIONER
and
Respondent
EAST RIDINGS OF YORKSHIRE COUNCIL
Additional Party
The parties are referred to in this determination as the Appellant, the Commissioner, and
the Council, respectively.
1

Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
The Tribunal upholds the Commissioner’s Decision Notice and dismisses the appeal.
The Commissioner should have made his decision by reference to the Environmental
Information Regulations 2004
(“EIR”), rather than the Freedom of Information Act 2005
(“FOIA”). However, in this case, that makes no substantive difference, and therefore, the
Tribunal does not issue a substituted decision notice.
REASONS FOR DECISION
Introduction
1.      This is an appeal by the Appellant against a Decision Notice issued by the
Commissioner, dated 3rd January 2007. It relates to a request for information made
by the Appellant in connection with the Council’s handling of a certain Tesco
development, and in particular, relating to the redesign of the development scheme in
about 1998 – 1999.
The Request for Information
2.      The Appellant’s request for information has a history which goes back some years,
before the FOIA and EIR came into force.
3.      The request which precipitated the appeal, however, was made by the Appellant in a
letter dated 27 February 2005. In it, the Appellant requested the Council to provide
him with the following information:
“(a) the Director of Law, Planning, etc, Nigel Pearson’s report to
the three Members of the Urgency Committee Meeting held May
18th 1999;
(b)  the letter referred to in the minutes at 269 Reason for
Urgency…
(c)  the drawings and costing for the Manor Road Traffic lane,
including any associated papers that would identify the officer
responsible for the over evaluation, revealing exactly when the
scheme was dropped;
(d)   the documentation, plans, estimates that constitute the
redesign…I would like to see the breakdown of the accounts and
how the reduction affected the various elements of the road
widening scheme. That is the records of how the original
estimate of £500,000 plus is reduced down to £200,000, which
Officer or Officers conducted the remodel and what date did it
[take] place
(e)  the accounts, files or whatever documents that define how
the Head of Highways, Dave Rennie, calculated the Tesco
2

Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
contribution by revising the five transport systems listed for the
second application
(f) the letter form Tesco’s Consultants detailing the works and
costs, that were assessed and checked by the Council, and in
consequence reduced their payment by £15,000 down to the
final £185,000”
4.      The Appellant did not receive a response. On 12 September 2005, he wrote again to
the Council. On 27 September 2005, the Council wrote to the Appellant stating that it
had not responded to his letter of 27 February 2005 because the Appellant had
asked his Councillor to raise a query and the Council had responded to the
Councillor instead.
5.      The Appellant reiterated his request in a letter dated 2 November 2005. On 25
January 2006, the Council replied, stating that it did not hold the information.
The Complaint to the Information Commissioner
6.      On 20 April 2006, the Appellant made a complaint to the Commissioner. His letter
comprises some five pages. It is not entirely clear from this letter what information the
Appellant was seeking.
7.      The Commissioner wrote to the Appellant on 17 August 2006 to ask him to provide a
copy of his original request for information. The Commissioner did not receive a
response and so wrote to the Appellant again on 26 September 2006. On 5 October
2006, the Commissioner received a copy of the Appellant’s letter dated 27 February
2005, referred to in paragraph 3, above.
8.      The Commissioner then made enquiries. He wrote to the Council asking a number of
specific questions, including the following:
•    Was the requested information ever held?
•    If so, when was the information deleted or destroyed?
•    Does the Council have a formal records management policy, and if so, what does
it specify about records of this sort?
•    What steps were taken to locate the requested information?
•    For what purpose would the Council have held the requested information?
•    Are there any statutory requirements to keep the information requested?
•    Whether any third party (including in particular, Tesco’s Consultant) hold the
information on the Council’s behalf.
9.      On 9 November 2006, the Council replied to the Commissioner, advising that:
•    It did not hold any of the information described in the Appellant’s requests.
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Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
•    The Council will have held some of the information requested, but this appears to
have been destroyed prior to 2002/2003.
•    The Council has a formal records management policy, but it was not in effect at
the time the records were destroyed.
•    Following the Appellant’s request for information in 2002/2003, searches were
carried out. A further search was carried out in 2005, following the Appellant’s
request of 27 February 2005.
•    There would have been no purpose for the Council to hold on to the requested
information because it related to two highway schemes that were not carried out.
•    There is no statutory requirement for the Council to keep the information.
•    None of the information is held on behalf of the Council by Tesco’s Consultant,
nor by any other third party.
10.    The Commissioner was satisfied that the Council did not hold the information
requested by the Appellant and issued a Decision Notice to this effect. However, he
found that the Council had breached the requirements of section 10(1) of FOIA by
failing to respond to the Appellant’s request within the 20 days specified in that
section.
The Appeal to the Tribunal
11.    By a Notice of Appeal dated 22 January 2007, the Appellant appealed to the Tribunal
against the Decision Notice. The Grounds of Appeal are not set out in the clearest of
terms, but we consider that the summary (reproduced below) provided by the
Commissioner in his Reply, correctly represents the issues raised by the Appellant in
his Notice of Appeal:
the Commissioner has wrongfully ignored that the Council acted illegally in disposing
of the records, since they were required to keep the documents for the purposes of a
district audit;
the Commissioner has wrongfully failed to take into account that the redesign of the
Tesco development was intended to save Tesco money but did not proceed with Mr
Robinson’s agreement; and
the Commissioner has failed to resolve a conflict in the evidence, namely that the
Council has given competing accounts of the reasons why the original development
scheme was abandoned.
12.    We have considered all the documents and written submissions received from the
parties (even if not specifically referred to in this determination), including in
particular, the documents contained in the agreed bundle of documents.
13.    At the request of the parties, this appeal has been determined without an oral
hearing, pursuant to rule 16 of the Information Tribunal (Enforcement Appeals) Rules
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Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
2005. Having regard to the nature of the issues raised, the Tribunal was satisfied that
the appeal could be properly determined without an oral hearing.
EIR or FOIA?
14.    The Council and the Commissioner have both treated the Appellant’s request as
having been made under FOIA. No mention has been made of the EIR.
15.    If the information comes within the scope of the EIR, then, as the Tribunal pointed out
in Kircaldie v Information Commissioner, it is exempt information under FOIA
(pursuant to section 39), and the public authority is obliged to deal with the request
under the EIR.
16.    The EIR implements Council Directive 2003/4/EC on public access to environmental
information. It creates a duty on public authorities to make environmental information
available on request (regulation 5(1)). “Environmental information” is defined in
regulation 2(1) in the following terms:
"environmental information" has the same meaning as in Article 2(1) of the Directive,
namely any information in written, visual, aural, electronic or any other material form
on –
(a) the state of the elements of the environment, such as air and atmosphere, water,
soil, land, landscape and natural sites including wetlands, coastal and marine areas,
biological diversity and its components, including genetically modified organisms, and
the interaction among these elements;
(b) factors, such as substances, energy, noise, radiation or waste, including
radioactive waste, emissions, discharges and other releases into the environment,
affecting or likely to affect the elements of the environment referred to in (a);
(c) measures (including administrative measures), such as policies, legislation, plans,
programmes, environmental agreements, and activities affecting or likely to affect the
elements and factors referred to in (a) and (b) as well as measures or activities
designed to protect those elements;
(d)reports on the implementation of environmental legislation;
(e) cost-benefit and other economic analyses and assumptions used within the
framework of the measures and activities referred to in (c); and
(f) the state of human health and safety, including the contamination of the food
chain, where relevant, conditions of human life, cultural sites and built structures
inasmuch as they are or may be affected by the state of the elements of the
environment referred to in (a) or, through those elements, by any of the matters
referred to in (b) and (c).
17.    We consider that the information in question clearly comes within the scope of
regulation 2(1)(c), and therefore, the request should have been dealt with under the
EIR. However, the provisions of FOIA and the EIR relevant to the issues in this case
are, in substance, the same under both legislation. The fact the Commissioner
considered the Appellant’s application under FOIA rather than the EIR makes no
difference to the substantive outcome of his decision, nor of this appeal.
5

Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
The Tribunal’s Jurisdiction
18.    Regulation 18 of the EIR provides that the enforcement and appeals provisions of
FOIA shall apply for the purposes of the EIR (save for the modifications set out in the
EIR). Under section 58(1) of FOIA, if the Tribunal considers that the Decision Notice
is not in accordance with the law, or to the extent that the Decision Notice involved
an exercise of discretion by the Commissioner, the Tribunal considers that he ought
to have exercised the discretion differently, the Tribunal must allow the appeal or
substitute such other Notice as could have been served by the Commissioner.
Otherwise, the Tribunal must dismiss the appeal.
19.    Section 58(2) confirms that on an appeal, the Tribunal may review any finding of fact
on which the Decision Notice is based.
Findings
20.    Under the EIR, a public authority which holds environmental information must make it
available on request (regulation 5(1)). It must make the information available as soon
as possible, and no later than 20 days after receiving the request. If it refuses to do
so, it must make its refusal within the same time limit.
21.    The right of access under the EIR, like under FOIA, applies only to information that a
public authority holds. The Appellant appears to have accepted, on a number of
occasions, that the Council does not hold at least some of the information he has
requested. For example:
•    In his letter dated 7 February 2006 to the Council’s Chief Executive, he says
“The confirmation that this vital accountancy data was disposed of alters my
complaint to an appeal that ERY Council cannot justify this action”
.
•    In his letter to the Commissioner dated 20 April 2006, he acknowledges that
the Council has “disposed of all the redesign documents”.
•    In his letter dated 27 February 2007 to the Audit Commission, he states:
Firstly there is clear evidence from the Council officers that documents
essential for a proper audit have been disposed of. This particularly applies to
the hypothetical Redesign file which was purportedly disposed of after October
2002 when Nigel Pearson [Director of Law, Planning and Property] told me
that I was not entitled to see it…
.”
22.    Clearly, to the extent that the Council do not hold the information, then the
Commissioner’s decision must be right. The Appellant has not said, or at least has
not said with any clarity, what information he considers that the Council still holds, if
any, nor has he explained why he thinks they hold it, despite their assertions to the
contrary. The Tribunal sought to clarify this with the Appellant at the directions
hearing, but without much success.
23.    The Grounds of Appeal, and indeed many of the other documents and submissions
from the Appellant before the Tribunal are concerned primarily with whether the
6

Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
Council made its decision as regards the redesign of the Tesco development on a
proper basis and whether it has given conflicting explanations to the Appellant.
Those are not issues within the scope of the Tribunal’s jurisdiction. The Appellant has
also alleged a conflict of interest between the Council’s role as landowner and as
planner. Again, that is not a matter that this Tribunal has any jurisdiction to consider.
24.    Although it remains unclear what information the Appellant says the Council holds or
may hold, bearing in mind that the Appellant is unrepresented, we have considered
the likely possibilities:
Information seen by Mike Newbury, District Auditor:
25.    In the Appellant’s letter dated 20 April 2006 to the Commissioner, he states “I wish to
make a formal request that you review the decision of the East Riding of Yorkshire
Council to refuse to provide me with the material as seen by the District Auditor, Mike
Newbury, that convinced him that my complaints regarding the reduction of the
mitigating highway contribution for Tesco’s Beverley store were unfounded and
required no further action.”
26.    The Council’s evidence is that they do not know what information Mr Newbury relied
on in 2004. The Appellant has not put forward any evidence or submissions which
could support a finding that the Council could in fact identify exactly which documents
were seen by Mr Newbury. We also note that the Council’s evidence, which does not
appear to be disputed, is that the documents that have been found which may have
been relied on, have already been provided to the Appellant. They have also
provided the Appellant with a letter from Mr Newbury relating to the Appellant’s
complaints.
The Documents, Plans and Estimates that Constitute the Redesign:
27.    In his letter dated 3 April 2007 to the Tribunal, the Appellant says that “The
information that I have repeatedly requested to see is the hypothetical redesign of the
rejected road scheme”…
. The Council has said that a search was carried out in
2002/2003 when the Appellant first requested these documents, but that no such
documents were found. The redesign scheme in question was not carried out, and
the documents were destroyed. We note that elsewhere, the Appellant appears to
accept that the Council does not hold this information (see paragraph 21 above).
28.    The Appellant says, however, that the Council acted illegally in disposing of the
information, since they were required to keep the documents for the purposes of a
district audit. The Council has said that there is no statutory requirement for them to
keep such information. It is also their evidence that any such documents were
destroyed prior to 2002/2003. There is no basis, on the evidence, on which the
Commissioner or the Tribunal could find that any such documents were not
destroyed, or that they were destroyed in bad faith. There is also no evidence that
the Council destroyed any information with the intention of preventing disclosure
under the FOIA or EIR, both of which came into force in January 2005, some time
after the documents are said to have been destroyed.
7

Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
Urgency Facility Regulations:
29.    The Council’s evidence is that an Urgency Committee existed in 1998. It has
provided the Appellant with its terms of reference and the legislation that deals with
committees of the Council. They say that there is no legislation relating to Urgency
Committees specifically.
30.    It appears that the Appellant accepts that there are no Urgency Facility Regulations.
We note that in his letter dated 22 November 2006 to the Commissioner, the
Appellant states “like yourself I am satisfied that the Urgency Facility Regulations do
not exist”. I also believe the Council, as landowners, can use whatever urgency
provision they feel is necessary to conduct their lawful business”
. In light of this, it is
difficult to see the challenge to the Commissioner’s findings.
Recent Requests
31.    During the course of recent communications between the parties, the Appellant
appears to have made a new request. In particular, in his letter dated 26 April 2007 to
the Commissioner, he has asked for “the status of the meeting that required Tesco to
build their new store at the rear of the site”.
This was not a request that appears to
have been made previously. The Commissioner and Council say, and we agree, that
it cannot therefore come within the scope of this appeal. It is a fresh request, not
covered by the Decision Notice against which this appeal has been brought. The
Appellant is entitled to a response from the Council to that request, but that is not a
matter for this appeal.
32.    The Appellant has also said that he wants certain information held by the District
Auditor or that he wants that information passed to the Council so that it can then be
subject to an information request. The District Auditor and the Council are separate
bodies. It has not been suggested that any such information is held by the District
Auditor on behalf of the Council. Such information is therefore also outside the scope
of this appeal.
33.    In all the circumstances, the Tribunal considers that there is no basis to find that the
Commissioner was wrong to accept that the Council did not hold the information.
There was and is no evidence that it does.
34.    It is unfortunate that the Appellant, perhaps like many other applicants, may not have
fully understood the scope of the freedom of information legislation. As the Tribunal
endeavoured to explain to the Appellant at the directions hearing, the legislation is
intended to provide access to information that is held by public authorities. It is not
intended to provide remedies for other disputes that members of the public may have
with public authorities, nor is it a safeguard against improper decision making,
improper use of public funds, or other wrongdoings by public authorities. We do not
suggest that the Council in this case was involved in any wrongdoings. That is not a
matter which we have jurisdiction to consider. We simply make the point that to the
extent that the Appellant’s complaints against the Council relate to matters other than
obtaining access to information which it holds, the Tribunal is not the body which can
offer the Appellant any redress.
8

Appeal Number: EA/2007/0012
35.    For all the reasons set out above, we uphold the Decision Notice and dismiss the
appeal. We agree with the Commissioner’s findings that the Council does not hold
the information. Although the Commissioner’s decision is based on FOIA, the
outcome under the EIR is the same because under both legislation, the right to
access only arises if the public authority holds the information.
36.    We also agree with the Commissioner’s finding that the Council failed to respond to
the Appellant within the required 20 day period. The Council was therefore in breach
of regulation 5(2) of the EIR (rather than section 10(1) of FOIA).
Signed:
Date: 9th October 2007
Anisa Dhanji
Deputy Chairman
9


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