Preliminary

Citation, commencement and application

1.–(1) – These Regulations may be cited as the Local Government Pension Scheme (Management and Investment of Funds) Regulations 2009 and shall come into force on 1st January 2010.

(2) These Regulations apply in relation to England and Wales(2).

General definitions

2.–(1) In these Regulations–

"the 2000 Act" means the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000(3);

"administering authority" means a body required to maintain a pension fund under the Administration Regulations;

"the Administration Regulations" means the Local Government Pension Scheme (Administration) Regulations 2008(4);

"fund money" means money in the pension fund maintained by an administering authority;

"proper advice", in relation to an administering authority, means the advice of a person whom the authority reasonably believes to be qualified by their ability in and practical experience of financial matters (including any such person who is an officer of the administering authority);

"recognised stock exchange" has the same meaning as in section 1005(1) of the Income Tax Act 2007(5);

"securities" includes shares, stock and debentures;

"statement of investment principles" means the statement referred to in regulation 12(1) or any revision of it, as appropriate;

"stock lending arrangement" means an arrangement such as is mentioned in section 263B of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992(6); and

"sub-underwriting contract" means a contract with a person who is underwriting a share issue to acquire the shares from that person if that person requires it.

(2) Paragraphs (5) to (7) of regulation 3, paragraphs (2)(a) and (2)(b) of regulation 6, regulation 7 and item 4 of the table and the definition of "relevant institution" in Schedule 1, must be read with–

(a) section 22 of the 2000 Act (classes of activity and categories of investment);

(b) any relevant order under that section; and

(c) Schedule 2 to that Act(7) (regulated activities).

Definition of "investment"

3.–(1) In these Regulations "investment" and related expressions have their normal meaning.

(2) But the following provisions of this regulation specify things which count as investments for these Regulations, although they might not otherwise do so, and exclude things which might otherwise count.

(3) A contract entered into in the course of dealing in financial futures or traded options is an investment.

(4) Prior to 1st April 2010, if the administering authority uses fund money for any purpose for which it may borrow money, that use is an investment.

(5) A contract of insurance is an investment if it is a contract of a relevant class, and is entered into with a person within paragraph (6) for whom entering into the contract constitutes the carrying on of a regulated activity within the meaning of the 2000 Act.

(6) The persons within this paragraph are–

(a) a person who has permission under Part 4 of the 2000 Act (permission to carry on regulated activities) to effect or carry out contracts of insurance of a relevant class;

(b) an EEA firm of the kind mentioned in paragraph 5(d) of Schedule 3 to the 2000 Act(8) (EEA passport rights), which has permission under paragraph 15 of that Schedule (as a result of qualifying for authorisation under paragraph 12 of that Schedule(9)) to effect or carry out contracts of insurance of a relevant class; and

(c) a person who does not fall within sub-paragraph (a) or (b) and who, because that person´s head office is in an EEA State within the meaning of the 2000 Act other than the United Kingdom, is permitted by the law of that State to effect or carry out contracts of insurance of a relevant class.

(7) A contract of insurance is of a relevant class for the purposes of paragraphs (5) and (6) if it is–

(a) a contract of insurance on human life or a contract to pay an annuity on human life where the benefits are wholly or partly to be determined by reference to the value of, or the income from, property of any description (whether or not specified in the contract) or by reference to fluctuations in, or in an index of, the value of property of any description (whether or not so specified); or

(b) a contract to manage the investments of pension funds, whether or not combined with contracts of insurance covering either conservation of capital or payment of a minimum interest.

(8) A stock lending arrangement is an investment if, and only if, in respect of it, the conditions in rules 5.4.4R and 5.4.6R, modified as specified in paragraph (9) of this regulation(10), in the Collective Investment Schemes Sourcebook made by the Financial Services Authority(11) are fulfilled in relation to that arrangement.

(9) The modifications mentioned in paragraph (8) are that–

(a) in rules 5.4.4R and 5.4.6R references to the depositary must be read as if they were references to the administering authority;

(b) in paragraph 1 of rule 5.4.4R for the words "An ICVC, or the depositary at the request of the ICVC, or the trustee at the request of the manager, may enter into a repo contract, or" there shall be substituted the words "The administering authority may enter into";

(c) in paragraph 1(a) of rule 5.4.4R, the words "for the account of the ICVC or by the trustee," and the words "or to the trustee" shall be omitted;

(d) sub-paragraphs 1(b) (iii) and 1(b) (iv) of rule 5.4.4R shall not apply;

(e) paragraph 1A of rule 5.4.6R shall not apply;

(f) in paragraph 5 of rule 5.4.6R the words "under COLL 6.3 (Valuation and pricing) or this chapter," shall be omitted, and the reference to the authorised fund must be read as if it were a reference to the pension fund; and

(g) in paragraph 6 of rule 5.4.6R references to scheme property must be read as if they were references to fund money, and the words in sub-paragraph (a) "for the purposes of COLL 6.3 or this chapter" and in sub-paragraph (b) "of this chapter" shall be omitted.

(10) It is an investment to contribute to a limited partnership in an unquoted securities investment partnership.

(11) A sub-underwriting contract is an investment.

(12) For the purposes of this regulation–

"limited partnership " means a partnership where the partners are not liable for the debts or obligations of the partnership beyond the amount which they contributed at the time of becoming a partner;

"traded option" means an option quoted on a recognised stock exchange or on the London International Financial Futures Exchange; and

"unquoted securities investment partnership" means a partnership for investing in securities which are normally not quoted on a recognised stock exchange when the partnership buys them.

Management of pension fund

Management of pension fund

4.–(1) This regulation is about the sums which an administering authority must pay or credit to and may pay from the pension fund which it administers.

(2) An authority must pay or credit to its pension fund, in addition to any other sum the Benefits Regulations, the Transitional Regulations or the Administration Regulations specify must be paid or credited to the fund–

(a) the amounts payable by it or paid to it for the credit of the fund by any other authority under regulations 39 to 41 of the Administration Regulations (employers´ contributions and payments);

(b) all members´ contributions including those made by virtue of the Transitional Regulations, except contributions payable under regulation 25 of the Administration Regulations (additional voluntary contributions and shared cost additional voluntary contributions);

(c) all income arising during the year from investment of the fund;

(d) all capital money deriving from such investment; and

(e) all additional payments received by the authority under the Benefits Regulations, the Transitional Regulations or the Administration Regulations.

(3) In the case of an administering authority which maintains more than one pension fund, as respects sums which relate to specific members the references in paragraph (2) to an authority´s fund are to the fund which is the appropriate fund for the members in question in accordance with Schedule 4 to the Administration Regulations (appropriate funds).

(4) Interest under regulation 44(1) of the Administration Regulations (interest) must be credited and paid to the fund to which the overdue payment is due.

(5) Any costs, charges and expenses incurred administering a pension fund may be paid from it except those costs and charges prescribed by regulations made under section 23 (supply of pension information in connection with divorce etc), 24 (charges by pension arrangements in relation to earmarking orders) or 41 (charges in respect of pension sharing costs) of the Welfare Reform and Pensions Act 1999(12) which the administering authority is enabled to recover by or under any such regulations.

(6) In this regulation–

"member" means any active or deferred member or any pensioner but does not include a person who has rights to future benefits under the scheme which are attributable (directly or indirectly) to a credit under section 29(1)(b) of the Welfare Reform and Pension Act 1999(13) or corresponding Northern Ireland legislation;

"the Benefits Regulations" means the Local Government Pension Scheme (Benefits, Membership and Contributions) Regulations 2007(14); and

"the Transitional Regulations" means the Local Government Pension Scheme (Transitional Provisions) Regulations 2008(15).

Power to borrow

5.–(1) Except as provided in this regulation, an administering authority must not borrow money where the borrowing is liable to be repaid out of its pension fund.

(2) An administering authority may borrow by way of temporary loan or overdraft from a bank or otherwise any sums which it may require for the purpose of–

(a) paying benefits due under the scheme, or

(b) to meet investment commitments arising from the implementation of a decision by it to change the balance between different types of investment.

(3) An administering authority may only borrow money under paragraph (2) if, at the time of borrowing, the authority reasonably believes that the sum borrowed and interest charged in respect of such sum can be repaid out of its pension fund within 90 days of the date of the borrowing.

Separate bank account

6.–(1) On and after 1st April 2011, an administering authority must hold in a separate account kept by it with a deposit-taker in accordance with this regulation–

(a) all monies held by the authority on that date; and

(b) all monies received by it on or after that date

for the purpose of its pension fund.

(2) "Deposit-taker" for the purposes of paragraph (1) means–

(a) a person who has permission under Part 4 of the 2000 Act (permission to carry on regulated activities) to accept deposits;

(b) an EEA firm of the kind mentioned in paragraph 5(b) of Schedule 3 to the 2000 Act (EEA passport rights) which has permission under paragraph 15 of that Schedule (as a result of qualifying for authorisation under paragraph 12 of that Schedule(16)) to accept deposits;

(c) the Bank of England or the central bank of an EEA state other than the United Kingdom; or

(d) the National Savings Bank.

(3) The deposit-taker shall not, in relation to the account referred to in paragraph (1), exercise any right of set-off it may have in respect of any other account held by the administering authority or any party connected to the administering authority.

Investment managers

Definition of "investment manager"

7. For the purposes of regulations 8 to 10, an "investment manager" is–

(a) a person who has permission under Part 4 of the 2000 Act (permission to carry on regulated activities) to manage investments and may lawfully manage the assets of occupational pension schemes;

(b) an EEA firm of the kind mentioned in sub-paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of paragraph 5 of Schedule 3 to that Act(17) (EEA passport rights), which has permission under paragraph 15 of that Schedule (as a result of qualifying for authorisation under paragraph 12 of that Schedule(18)) to manage investments and may lawfully manage the assets of occupational pension schemes; or

(c) a person–

(i) who does not carry on regulated activities (within the meaning of the 2000 Act) from a permanent place of business maintained by that person in the United Kingdom;

(ii) whose head office is situated in an EEA State (within the meaning of the 2000 Act) other than the United Kingdom;

(iii) who is recognised by the law of that EEA State as a national of that or another EEA State;

(iv) who is authorised under that law to carry on one or more regulated activities (within the meaning of the 2000 Act); and

(v) who is not prevented by that law from managing the assets of occupational pension schemes or assets belonging to another person.

Choice of investment managers

8.–(1) Instead of managing and investing fund money itself, an administering authority may appoint one or more investment managers to manage and invest fund money, or any part of such money, on its behalf.

(2) But the authority may only appoint an investment manager if the authority complies with paragraphs (3) to (6).

(3) The authority must reasonably believe that the investment manager´s ability in and practical experience of financial matters makes that investment manager suitably qualified to make investment decisions for it.

(4) The investment manager must not be its employee.

(5) The authority must be satisfied–

(a) that the fund, or the relevant part of it, is managed by an adequate number of investment managers; and

(b) that where there is more than one investment manager, the value of fund money to be managed by any one of them will not be disproportionate in comparison with the value of fund money managed by other investment managers.

(6) The authority must have taken proper advice in relation to the appointment.

Terms of appointment of investment managers

9.–(1) An investment manager must be appointed on the terms set out in paragraphs (2) to (7).

(2) The administering authority must be able to terminate the appointment by not more than one month´s notice.

(3) The investment manager must report to the administering authority at least once every three months on the action the investment manager has taken on behalf of the authority.

(4) The investment manager must comply with all the administering authority´s instructions.

(5) In managing the fund the investment manager must take into account–

(a) that fund money must be invested in a wide variety of investments;

(b) the suitability for the fund of particular types of investment, or of any particular investment; and

(c) the administering authority´s statement of investment principles.

(6) But paragraph (5)(a) does not apply where the investment manager only manages part of the fund and the terms of the investment manager´s appointment provide that it does not apply.

(7) The investment manager must not make investments which would contravene the administering authority´s statement of investment principles or regulation 14 (restrictions on investments).

(8) In determining the investment manager´s terms of appointment, the administering authority must take proper advice.

Review of investment manager´s performance

10.–(1) Where an administering authority has appointed an investment manager it must keep the investment manager´s performance under review.

(2) At least once every three months the authority must review the investments the investment manager has made for the fund and any other action that has been taken by the manager in relation to it.

(3) Periodically the authority must consider whether or not to retain the investment manager.

(4) In reviewing an investment manager´s decisions and appointment, the authority must take proper advice–

(a) if regulation 9(5)(a) applies, about the variety of investments the investment manager has made; and

(b) about the suitability of those investments for the fund generally and as investments of their type.

Investment and use of fund money

Investment policy and investment of pension fund money

11.–(1) An administering authority must formulate a policy for the investment of its fund money.

(2) The authority´s investment policy must be formulated with a view–

(a) to the advisability of investing fund money in a wide variety of investments; and

(b) to the suitability of particular investments and types of investments.

(3) The authority must invest, in accordance with its investment policy, any fund money that is not needed immediately to make payments from the fund.

(4) The authority may vary its investments

(5) The authority must obtain proper advice at reasonable intervals about its investments.

(6) The authority must consider such advice in taking any steps in relation to its investments.

Statement of investment principles

12.–(1) An administering authority must, after consultation with such persons as it considers appropriate, prepare, maintain (in accordance with paragraph (5)) and publish a written statement of the principles governing its decisions about the investment of fund money.

(2) The statement must cover its policy on–

(a) the types of investment to be held;

(b) the balance between different types of investments;

(c) risk, including the ways in which risks are to be measured and managed;

(d) the expected return on investments;

(e) the realisation of investments;

(f) the extent (if at all) to which social, environmental or ethical considerations are taken into account in the selection, retention and realisation of investments;

(g) the exercise of the rights (including voting rights) attaching to investments, if the authority has any such policy; and

(h) stock lending.

(3) The statement must also state the extent to which the administering authority complies with guidance given by the Secretary of State, and, to the extent the authority does not so comply, the reasons for not complying.

(4) The first such statement must be published no later than 1st July 2010.

(5) The statement must be reviewed, and if necessary, revised, by the administering authority from time to time and, in the case of any material change in the authority´s policy on the matters referred to in paragraphs (2) and (3), before the end of a period of six months beginning with the date of that change.

(6) A statement revised under paragraph (5) must be published.

Investments under section 11(1) of the Trustee Investments Act 1961

13. An administering authority may invest, without any restriction as to quantity, in any investment made in accordance with a scheme under section 11(1) of the Trustee Investments Act 1961(19) (which enables the Treasury to approve schemes for local authorities to invest in collectively).

Restrictions on investments

14.–(1) The table in Schedule 1 and the exceptions specified below that table ("the exceptions") shall have effect for the purpose of limiting the making of investments of the types described in the table(20).

(2) Subject to paragraph (3), and, where relevant, the exceptions, a percentage listed in Column 1 of the table in relation to a type of investment so described is the limit on the proportion of fund money which may be invested in that type of investment.

(3) An administering authority may, in accordance with regulation 15, decide to increase the limit in relation to a particular type of investment so described, but only where a percentage is shown in relation to that type of investment in Column 2 of the table, and may not exceed that percentage.

(4) The percentages mentioned in paragraphs (2) and (3) are percentages of the total value of all existing investments of fund money immediately before the making of the investment concerned.

(5) Paragraph (2) and, if applicable, paragraph (3) apply only at the time the investment is made.

(6) The definitions set out below the exceptions shall have effect for interpreting the table.

Requirements for increased limits

15.–(1) An administering authority which decides to increase limits under regulation 14(3) must comply with the requirements of this regulation.

(2) The authority must have taken proper advice.

(3) The authority must take account of the matters set out in regulation 11(2).

(4) Where there is a decision to use the increased limits under regulation 14(3) in relation to item 13 of the table in Schedule 1, the additional risks of the increased limit must have been taken into account in addition to those matters set out in regulation 11(2).

(5) The decision must specify–

(a) the description of investment to which it applies;

(b) the limit on the amount of the investment;

(c) the reason for that decision;

(d) the period for which the decision will apply;

(e) if the authority intend to review the decision before the end of the period in (d), the date when the decision will be reviewed; and

(f) that the decision complies with these Regulations.

(6) Where the period for which the decision will apply comes to an end, the limits will be those set out in Column 1 of the table unless before the end of that period the administering authority reviews the decision in accordance with this regulation.

(7) A decision following a review to continue to use limits increased under regulation 14(3), whether or not the increased limits have been altered, must–

(a) take account of the matters set out in paragraphs (2)-(4); and

(b) specify the matters set out in paragraph (5).

(8) Before a decision under regulation 14(3) or under paragraph (7) of this regulation can take effect, the administering authority must revise and publish the written statement of investment principles which it is required to maintain under regulation 12 so as to include the matters specified in paragraph (5).

Use of fund money by an administering authority

16.–(1) An administering authority must pay interest on the total from day to day of any fund money used under regulation 3(4) and not repaid.

(2) That interest may not be paid at a rate lower than the lowest rate at which the authority could have obtained a commercial loan of that amount at 7 days´ notice (otherwise than by bank overdraft).

Supplementary

Revocations

17. The instruments listed in Column (1) of the table in Schedule 2 are revoked to the extent stated, in relation to each, in Column (3) of that table.

Regulation 14(1)

SCHEDULE 1 TABLE OF LIMITS ON INVESTMENTS

EXCEPTIONS TO LIMITS IN THE TABLE

1. The restriction in item 4 of the table does not apply to a Government loan.

2. The restriction in item 6 of the table does not apply if–

(a) the investment is made by an investment manager appointed under regulation 8; and

(b) the single holding is in units or other shares of the investments subject to the trusts of any one unit trust scheme.

3. The restrictions in items 6, 9 and 11 do not apply to–

(a) National Savings Certificates;

(b) fixed-interest securities issued by Her Majesty´s Government in the United Kingdom, the Government of Northern Ireland or the Government of the Isle of Man and registered in the United Kingdom or the Isle of Man or Treasury Bills;

(c) any securities the payment of interest on which is guaranteed by Her Majesty´s Government in the United Kingdom or the Government of Northern Ireland; or

(d) a deposit with a relevant institution.

INTERPRETATION

"Collective investment scheme" has the meaning given in section 235 of the 2000 Act.

"Companies" includes companies established under the law of any territory outside the United Kingdom.

"Government loan" means a loan–

"Listed securities" means securities quoted on a recognised stock exchange.

"Loan" does not include–

and "lent" must be understood in that way.

"Open-ended investment company" means an open-ended investment company as defined in section 236 of the 2000 Act which is an undertaking for collective investment schemes to which Council Directive No. 85/611/EEC co-ordinating the laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities, as last amended by European Parliament and Council Directive No. 2001/108/EC(22) applies.

"Relevant institution" means–

"Single holding" means investments–

"Unlisted securities" means securities which are not quoted on a recognised stock exchange.

Regulation 17

SCHEDULE 2 REVOCATIONS

EXPLANATORY NOTE

(This note is not part of the Regulations)

These Regulations consolidate the Local Government Pension Scheme (Management and Investment of Funds) Regulations 1998 (S.I. 1998/1831) with subsequent amending instruments. In addition to minor and drafting amendments, the following changes of substance have been made.

Paragraph (4) of regulation 3 (definition of "investment") provides that the use of pension fund money for any purpose for which the local authority may borrow money shall count as an investment for the purposes of these Regulations prior to 1st April 2010 whereupon it will cease to count as an investment.

Regulation 5 (power to borrow) sets out the circumstances in which the administering authority may borrow money for the purposes of its pension fund and the rules applying to the repayment of any such borrowing.

Regulation 6 (separate bank account) provides that pension fund money must be kept in a separate bank account held by the administering authority for that purpose by 1st April 2011.

Other provisions provide for: general definitions (regulation 2), what counts as an investment (regulation 3), the sums which an administering authority must pay to and may pay from its pension fund (regulation 4), the power to appoint an investment manager including the terms of such appointment and the requirement to keep the performance of any such manager under review (regulations 7-10), general provisions concerning investments (regulation 11) including the requirement to prepare and maintain an investment policy (regulation 12), the limits which apply to certain types of investments and the requirements which apply if such limits are to be increased (regulations 14 and 15) and the requirement to pay interest on fund money used by the administering authority (regulation 16). Regulation 17 and Schedule 2 revoke the instruments and provisions which these Regulations replace.

An impact assessment has not been produced for this instrument as it has no impact on the costs of businesses, charities or voluntary bodies and it does not have a significant financial impact on any public bodies.