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"the 2BCD Regulations" means the Banking Coordination (Second Council Directive) Regulations 1992[2];

"the Banking Act" means the Banking Act 1987[3];

"the Building Societies Act" means the Building Societies Act 1986[4];

"commencement" means the beginning of the day on which section 19 comes into force;

"the Financial Services Act" means the Financial Services Act 1986[5];

"IMRO" means the Investment Management Regulatory Organisation Limited;

"the Insurance Companies Act" means the Insurance Companies Act 1982[6];

"investment business" has the same meaning as in the Financial Services Act;

"the ISD Regulations" means the Investment Services Regulations 1995[7];

"PIA rules" means the rules of the Personal Investment Authority Limited;

"recognised clearing house", "recognised investment exchange", "recognised professional body", "recognised self-regulating organisation" and "recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies"[8] have the same meanings as in the Financial Services Act;

"relevant IMRO contravention", in relation to any person ("A") - 

(a) in any case, means any breach by A of - 


(i) the rules of IMRO;

(ii) the rules of any other recognised self-regulating organisation, or

(iii) the rules of any recognised professional body,



to which A was subject at the time of the breach (whether or not A was at that time regulated by IMRO);

(b) where A was a member of IMRO (rather than a registered individual), also means - 



(i) any breach by A of the rules of the Authority made under Chapter V of Part I of the Financial Services Act,

(ii) the provision by A to IMRO of false, inaccurate or misleading information in submitting his application for membership; or

(iii) any breach by A of a statement of principle issued by the Authority under section 47A of the Financial Services Act[9];

"SFA" means The Securities and Futures Authority Limited, and "SFA rules" means the rules of the SFA.

    (4) Any reference in this Order to a section, Part or Schedule is, unless the context otherwise requires, a reference to that section or Part of, or Schedule to, the Act.

    (5) For the purposes of this Order, a recognised self-regulating organisation or a recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies is to be taken to have had a power immediately before commencement if it would have had that power had the appropriate procedural steps required by the rules of that organisation been complied with before commencement.

(a) section 3 of the Financial Services Act (prohibition on carrying on investment business without being authorised or exempt);

(b) any rule or regulation made under Chapter V of Part I of that Act (conduct of investment business)[10];

(c) section 47 (misleading statements and practices), 56 (unsolicited calls)[11], 57 (restrictions on advertising)[12] or 59 (employment of prohibited persons)[13] of that Act;

(d) section 47A of that Act (statements of principle);

(e) section 50 of that Act (modification of conduct of business and financial resources rules), including that section as it applied by virtue of paragraph 14(3) of Schedule 11 to that Act (friendly societies)[14];

(f) section 58(3) of that Act (exceptions from restrictions on advertising);

(g) Chapter VI of Part I of that Act (powers of intervention), including that Chapter as it applied by virtue of paragraph 23 of Schedule 11 to that Act[15];

(h) section 91(2) of that Act (directions to authorised unit trust schemes);

(i) section 104(1) of that Act[16] (power to call for information);

(j) section 130 of that Act (restriction on promotion of contracts of insurance);

(k) section 183 of that Act[17] (reciprocal facilities for financial business) in reliance upon section 184(4) of that Act (partial restriction notices);

(l) any rule or regulation made under Schedule 11 to that Act;

(m) paragraph 24 of Schedule 11 to that Act (requirement to furnish information);

(n) any rule (within the meaning of section 8(3) of that Act) of a recognised self-regulating organisation to which the person concerned was subject and which regulated the carrying on by him of investment business;

(o) any rule of a recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies in relation to which the person concerned was a member society (within the meaning of Schedule 11 to that Act);

(p) any rule (within the meaning of section 16(3) of that Act) of a recognised professional body to which the person concerned was subject and which regulated the carrying on by him of investment business;

(q) a relevant rule of a recognised investment exchange or recognised clearing house;

(r) regulation 18 of the Open-Ended Investment Companies (Investment Companies with Variable Capital) Regulations 1996[18]; and

(s) section 3 of the Banking Act (restriction on acceptance of deposits)[19].

    (4) No order may be made under section 380(2) in relation to a contravention of a requirement imposed by section 3 of the Financial Services Act unless the court is satisfied that the person concerned contravened that requirement by entering into a transaction.

    (5) No order may be made under section 380(2) in relation to a contravention of a requirement imposed by or under a provision of any rule that is specified by paragraph (3)(p) or (q) unless the court is satisfied that the body, exchange or clearing house is unable or unwilling to take appropriate steps to require the person concerned to take steps to remedy the contravention.

    (6) The only order that the court may make under section 380(2) in relation to a contravention of a requirement imposed by section 3 of the Banking Act is an order requiring a person to repay the deposit forthwith or at such time as the court may direct and, in determining whether and, if so, on what terms, to make such an order, the court must have regard to the effect that repayment in accordance with the order would have on the solvency of the person concerned or otherwise on his ability to carry on his business in a manner satisfactory to his creditors.

    (7) No order may be made under section 382(1) in relation to the contravention of a requirement imposed under section 47A of the Financial Services Act.

    (8) No order may be made under section 382(1) in relation to the contravention of a requirement mentioned in paragraph (1) solely on the ground that a person has been knowingly concerned in such a contravention by another.

    (9) No order may be made under section 382(1) in relation to a contravention of a requirement imposed by section 3 of the Banking Act unless the court is satisfied that section 382(1)(a) is satisfied.

    (10) In deciding whether, and if so, on what terms, to make an order under section 382(1) in relation to a contravention of that enactment, the court must have regard to the effect that payment in accordance with the order would have on the solvency of the person concerned or otherwise on his ability to carry on business in a manner satisfactory to his creditors.

    (11) Paragraph (12) applies if an application is made under section 382(1) in relation to a contravention of a requirement imposed by section 3 of the Financial Services Act.

    (12) For the purposes of section 382(1)(b), a person is not to be regarded as having suffered loss or been otherwise adversely affected as a result of the contravention unless the court is satisfied that - 

(a) he is an investor; and

(b) he suffered the loss or has been adversely affected as a result of - 


(i) the contravention by the person concerned of section 47 or 56 of the Financial Services Act; or

(ii) the failure of that person to act substantially in accordance with any of the rules or regulations made under Chapter V of Part I of that Act.

    (13) In paragraph (3)(q), "relevant rule" means - 

(a) any rule of a recognised investment exchange (within the meaning of section 36(2) of the Financial Services Act) or rule of a recognised clearing house (within the meaning of section 38(2) of that Act) to which the person concerned was subject and which regulated the carrying on by him of investment business; or

(b) any rule of a recognised investment exchange or recognised clearing house which related to the matters mentioned in Schedule 21 to the Companies Act 1989[20] (additional requirements for recognition).

Restitution by the Authority
     3.  - (1) Paragraph (2) applies if - 

(a) an authorised person (within the meaning of the Act) was, immediately before commencement, a member of a recognised self-regulating organisation or a recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies;

(b) the Authority is satisfied that before commencement - 


(i) he failed to comply with any of the provisions specified in rule 1.3.1(6) of the PIA rules (cases in which a member is liable to disciplinary action);

(ii) he committed an act of misconduct within the meaning of rule 7.23A(3) of the SFA rules; or

(iii) he committed a relevant IMRO contravention;



(c) that organisation had, immediately before commencement, a power that corresponded to the power of the Authority under section 384(5) (power to order restitution) in relation to that failure, misconduct or contravention (or would have had such a power had an application been made to it by or on behalf of a person who had suffered loss or been otherwise adversely affected as a result of the conduct of the person concerned) but had not exercised that power; and

(d) the Authority is satisfied that one or more persons has suffered loss or been otherwise adversely affected as a result of the conduct specified by sub-paragraph (b).

    (2) The Authority may, subject to paragraph (3), exercise the power in subsection (5) of section 384 in relation to that conduct as if it were a case within paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of that section.

    (3) The Authority may exercise the power in section 384(5) in relation to conduct comprising an act of misconduct for the purposes of the SFA rules only on the application by or on behalf of a person who has suffered loss or been otherwise adversely affected as a result of the contravention.

    (4) In exercising, or deciding whether to exercise, its powers under section 384(5) in relation to any conduct of the kind specified by paragraph (1)(b), the Authority must have regard to any statement made by the relevant recognised self-regulating organisation or recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies which was in force when the conduct in question took place with respect to its policy on the taking of disciplinary action and the award of, and amount of, restitution (whether issued as guidance, contained in the rules of that organisation or otherwise).

Injunctions to prevent disposal of assets
     4.  - (1) Any restriction or requirement imposed by or under any of the provisions specified by paragraph (3) is to be treated as a relevant requirement for the purposes of section 380(3)(a).

    (2) An application under section 380(3) in relation to a contravention of a requirement mentioned in paragraph (1) may be made only by the Authority and only if the contravention occurred before commencement and, in relation to such an application, section 380(3) has effect subject to paragraph (4).

    (3) The provisions specified by this paragraph are - 

(a) section 3 (restriction on acceptance of deposits), 18 (false statements as to authorised status), 19 (directions), 32 (advertisement regulations), 34 (unsolicited calls), 35 (fraudulent inducement to make a deposit), 67 (restriction on use of banking names), 69 (restrictions on use of banking descriptions), 71 (notices relating to names of institutions), 77 (notices relating to names of overseas institutions) or 80 (regulations imposing requirements on overseas-based banks) of the Banking Act[21]; and

(b) regulation 10 (power to restrict listed activities) or 23 (restriction on activities of UK subsidiaries) of the 2BCD Regulations.

    (4) An order made under section 380(3) in relation to a contravention of a requirement mentioned in paragraph (1) has effect only while the suspected contravention is being investigated.

Unenforceable contracts
     5.  - (1) Subsections (1) and (2) of section 26 (agreements made by unauthorised persons) apply to an agreement of the kind specified by paragraph (4) as they apply to an agreement of the kind specified in subsection (1) of that section (and so an agreement of the kind specified by paragraph (4) is unenforceable against the other party).

    (2) Subsections (1) and (2) of section 27 (agreements made through unauthorised persons) apply to an agreement of the kind specified by paragraph (5) as they apply to an agreement of the kind specified in subsection (1) of that section (and so an agreement of the kind specified by paragraph (5) is unenforceable against the other party).

    (3) In this article, a "regulated agreement" means an agreement made before commencement, the making or performance of which by one party ("the relevant party") constituted an activity which fell within any paragraph of Part II of Schedule 1 to the Financial Services Act and which was not excluded by Part III or IV of that Schedule (or the performance of which would have constituted such an activity but for the repeal of that Act).

    (4) The kind of agreement specified by this paragraph is any agreement which - 

(a) is a regulated agreement which was entered into by the relevant party in the course of carrying on investment business in contravention of section 3 of the Financial Services Act; or

(b) is a contract of insurance, other than a regulated agreement, which was entered into by a person before commencement in the course of carrying on insurance business (within the meaning of the Insurance Companies Act) in contravention of section 2 of that Act.

    (5) The kind of agreement specified by this paragraph is any regulated agreement where - 

(a) the relevant party was, at the time the agreement was made, an authorised person (within the meaning of the Financial Services Act) or an exempted person (within the meaning of that Act) in respect of the investment business in the course of which he entered into the agreement; and

(b) the agreement was entered into in consequence of anything said or done by a person ("the third party") in the course of investment business carried on by the third party in contravention of section 3 of that Act.

    (6) Section 28 (amount of compensation recoverable) applies to an agreement of the kind specified by paragraph (4) or (5) which is unenforceable because of section 26 or 27 (as applied by this Order) subject to the following modifications - 

(a) for subsection (5), substitute - 

    " (5) The issue is whether the person carrying on investment business (within the meaning of the Financial Services Act 1986) reasonably believed that his entering into the agreement did not constitute a contravention of section 3 of that Act, or, as the case may be, that the person carrying on insurance business (within the meaning of the Insurance Companies Act 1982) reasonably believed that his entering into the contract did not constitute a contravention of section 2 of that Act."; and

(b) for subsection (6), substitute - 

    " (6) The issue is whether the person who was, at the time the agreement was made, an authorised person or exempted person (within the meaning of the Financial Services Act 1986) knew that the agreement was entered into in consequence of anything said or done by the third party in contravention of section 3 of that Act.".

(a) the Authority considers that an authorised person before commencement contravened a pre-commencement friendly societies provision that related to him;

(b) that person was, immediately before commencement, a regulated friendly society other than a member society; and

(c) the Authority has not given a written notice under paragraph 21 of Schedule 11 to the Financial Services Act[22] in respect of that contravention.

    (3) The Authority may exercise the power conferred by section 205 (public censure) as if the contravention of the pre-commencement provision or pre-commencement friendly societies provision were a contravention of a requirement imposed by or under the Act.

    (4) "Pre-commencement provision", in relation to an authorised person ("A"), means - 

(a) if immediately before commencement A was a regulated person - 


(i) any rule or regulation made under Chapter V of Part I of the Financial Services Act;

(ii) section 56 or 59 of that Act; or

(iii) any condition imposed under section 50 of that Act;



(b) any prohibition or requirement imposed under Chapter VI of Part I of that Act (powers of intervention) to which A was subject;

(c) any statement of principle issued under section 47A of that Act (statements of principle)[23] to which A was subject;

(d) any requirement imposed under section 104(1) of that Act[24] (power to call for information) to which A was subject;

(e) a notice issued to A under section 183 of that Act[25] (reciprocal facilities for financial business) which is a partial restriction notice within the meaning of section 184(4) of that Act;

(f) if immediately before commencement A was a manager or trustee (within the meaning of that Act) of an authorised unit trust scheme (within the meaning of that Act), any direction given to an authorised unit trust scheme under section 91 of that Act (directions to authorised unit trust schemes); or

(g) any direction under regulation 18 of the Open-Ended Investment Companies (Investment Companies with Variable Capital) Regulations 1996 to which A was subject.

    (5) "Pre-commencement friendly societies provision" means

(a) any rule or regulation made under Schedule 11 to the Financial Services Act;

(b) section 56 or 59 of that Act;

(c) any condition imposed under section 50 of that Act as it applied by virtue of paragraph 14(3) of Schedule 11 to that Act;

(d) any prohibition or requirement imposed under Chapter VI of Part I of that Act as it applied by virtue of paragraph 23 of that Schedule; or

(e) any requirement imposed under paragraph 24 of that Schedule.

    (6) For the purposes of paragraph (2)(b), "regulated friendly society" and "member society" have the meanings given by Schedule 11 to the Financial Services Act.

    (7) For the purposes of paragraph (4)(a), "regulated person" means any of - 

(a) an authorised person under the Financial Services Act by virtue of - 


(i) section 22 (authorised insurers)[26];

(ii) section 24 (operators and trustees of recognised schemes);

(iii) section 25 (authorisation by the Authority)[27]; or

(iv) section 31 (authorisation in other member State)[28];



(b) a European institution carrying on home-regulated investment business in the United Kingdom, within the meaning of the 2BCD Regulations; or

(c) a European investment firm carrying on home-regulated investment business in the United Kingdom, within the meaning of the ISD Regulations.

Public statements in respect of pre-commencement contraventions of the rules of self-regulating organisations
     7.  - (1) Paragraph (2) applies if - 

(a) an authorised person (within the meaning of the Act) was, immediately before commencement, a member of a recognised self-regulating organisation or a recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies;

(b) the Authority considers that before commencement - 


(i) he failed to comply with any of the provisions specified in rule 1.3.1(6) of the PIA rules (cases in which a member is liable to disciplinary action);

(ii) he committed an act of misconduct within the meaning of rule 7.23A(3) of the SFA rules; or

(iii) he committed a relevant IMRO contravention;



(c) that organisation had, immediately before commencement, a power to publish statements corresponding to the power of the Authority under section 205 (public censure) in relation to that failure, misconduct or contravention, but had not exercised that power.

    (2) The Authority may exercise the power conferred by section 205 in relation to the conduct specified by paragraph (1)(b) as if the authorised person concerned had contravened a requirement imposed by or under the Act.

    (3) In exercising, or deciding whether to exercise, its powers under section 205 in relation to any conduct of the kind specified by paragraph (1)(b), the Authority must have regard to any statement made by the relevant recognised self-regulating organisation or recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies which was in force when the conduct in question took place with respect to its policy on the taking of disciplinary action and the imposition of penalties (whether issued as guidance, contained in the rules of that organisation or otherwise).

Imposition of penalties in respect of pre-commencement contraventions of the rules of self-regulating organisations
     8.  - (1) Paragraph (2) applies if - 

(a) an authorised person (within the meaning of the Act) was, immediately before commencement, a member of a recognised self-regulating organisation or a recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies;

(b) the Authority considers that before commencement - 


(i) he failed to comply with any of the provisions specified in rule 1.3.1(6) of the PIA rules (cases in which a member is liable to disciplinary action);

(ii) he committed an act of misconduct within the meaning of rule 7.23A(3) of the SFA rules; or

(iii) he committed a relevant IMRO contravention;



(c) that organisation had, immediately before commencement, a power to impose a penalty corresponding to the power of the Authority under section 206 (financial penalties) in relation to that failure, misconduct or contravention, but had not exercised that power.

    (2) The Authority may exercise the power conferred by section 206 in relation to the conduct specified by paragraph (1)(b) as if the authorised person concerned had contravened a requirement imposed by or under the Act.

    (3) The Authority may not, in relation to any conduct of the kind specified by paragraph (1)(b), impose under section 206 a penalty that exceeds the penalty which the relevant recognised self-regulating organisations or recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies could have imposed in relation to that conduct immediately before commencement.

    (4) In exercising, or deciding whether to exercise, its powers under section 206 in relation to any conduct of the kind specified by paragraph (1)(b), the Authority must have regard to any statement made by the relevant recognised self-regulating organisation or recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies which was in force when the conduct in question took place with respect to its policy on the taking of disciplinary action and the imposition of, and amount of, penalties (whether issued as guidance, contained in the rules of that organisation or otherwise).

Disciplinary powers in relation to persons registered with self-regulating organisations
     9.  - (1) Paragraph (3) applies where - 

(a) a person was, immediately before commencement - 


(i) a registered person or former registered person for the purposes of the SFA rules;

(ii) a registered individual for the purposes of Rule 1.2(2) to (4) of Chapter IV and Chapter VIII of the IMRO rules; or

(iii) a registered individual or former registered individual for the purposes of the PIA rules;



(b) it appears to the Authority that that person, before commencement,



(i) failed to comply with rule 1.8.13(1) of the PIA rules (cases in which a member is liable to disciplinary action etc.),

(ii) committed an act of misconduct within the meaning of rule 7.23A(3) of the SFA rules, or

(iii) committed a relevant IMRO contravention,



in the course of carrying on a relevant activity.

    (2) In paragraph (1), "relevant activity" means

(a) performing a function of the kind which, if performed immediately after commencement, would be a controlled function within the meaning of Part V;

(b) doing any thing connected with the performance of such a function; or

(c) doing any thing connected with the regulation of the performance of such a function (including things done before the function had been performed).

    (3) The Authority may exercise the power conferred by subsection (3)(a) or (b) (as appropriate) of section 66 in relation to the conduct specified by paragraph (1)(b) as if the person were guilty of misconduct within the meaning of subsection (2) of that section, subject to the condition specified by paragraph (4).

    (4) The condition specified by this paragraph is that where the person - 

(a) was, immediately before commencement - 


(i) a former registered person, for the purposes of the SFA rules,

(ii) a person who had, before commencement, ceased to be a registered individual but who was treated as a registered individual for the purposes of Rule 1.2(2) to (4) of Chapter IV and Chapter VIII of the IMRO rules, or

(iii) a former registered individual for the purposes of the PIA rules,



(b) is a person, other than a person of the kind specified by sub-paragraph (a), who was not, immediately after commencement, an approved person (within the meaning of section 64(13)), or

(c) was, immediately after commencement, an approved person, but has ceased to be an approved person,

the Authority may not exercise the power conferred by section 66 in relation to any conduct specified by paragraph (1)(b) after the relevant period has expired.

    (5) For the purposes of paragraph (4), the relevant period is the period in which the relevant recognised self-regulating organisation had, before commencement, power to impose such a measure after a person ceased to be a registered person or registered individual (as the case may be), running from - 

(a) in the case of a person specified by paragraph (4)(a), the time at which the person ceased to be a registered person or registered individual;

(b) in the case of a person specified by paragraph (4)(b), commencement;

(c) in the case of a person specified by paragraph (4)(c), the time at which the person ceased to be an approved person.

    (6) For the purposes of section 66(4), if the Authority is proposing to take action under section 66 in relation to the conduct specified by paragraph (1)(b), the Authority is deemed to know of the misconduct on the first day on which the relevant recognised self-regulating organisation knew of the misconduct or had information from which the misconduct could reasonably have been inferred.

    (7) The Authority may not, in relation to any conduct of the kind specified by paragraph (1)(b), impose under section 66 a penalty that exceeds the penalty which the relevant recognised self-regulating organisation could have imposed in relation to that conduct immediately before commencement.

    (8) In exercising, or deciding whether to exercise, its powers under section 66 in relation to any conduct of the kind specified by paragraph (1)(b), the Authority must have regard to any statement made by the relevant recognised self-regulating organisation or recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies which was in force when the conduct in question took place with respect to its policy on the taking of disciplinary action and the imposition of, and amount of, penalties (whether issued as guidance, contained in the rules of that organisation or otherwise).

Saving of sections 43A and 43B of the Building Societies Act
     11.  - (1) The provisions of this article apply notwithstanding any repeal of section 43A or 43B of the Building Societies Act[29].

    (2) If, immediately before commencement, a former authorised building society was subject to a direction given under section 43A of that Act, that direction continues to have effect after commencement.

    (3) The Authority may, after commencement, give a former authorised building society a direction under section 43A of that Act where before commencement the authorisation of the society under the Building Societies Act had been revoked or its registration under that Act had been cancelled (including at the society's request).

    (4) Section 43A(2), (3) and (6) to (8) and section 43B of that Act continue to have effect in relation to any direction which has been given (or is to be given) under section 43A of that Act as modified by paragraph (3) or which continues to have effect by virtue of paragraph (2), subject to the following modifications - 

(a) for each reference to the Building Societies Commission, substitute a reference to the Financial Services Authority;

(b) in subsection (2) of section 43A, for paragraph (b) substitute - 

    " (b) may relate to any activities of the society, whether or not they are regulated activities (within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000);";

(c) in subsection (2)(a) of section 43B, for the words "section 46" substitute "article 11(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Transitional Provisions and Savings) (Civil Remedies, Discipline, Criminal Offences etc.) (No. 2) Order 2001";

(d) in subsection (2)(b) of section 43B, for the words "section 43A(4), (5) and (6)" substitute "section 43A(6)".

    (5) Where - 

(a) a person is aggrieved by a decision of the Authority to give him a direction under section 43A of the Building Societies Act,

(b) the Authority, in deciding to give a direction under that section, makes a determination that a person is not a fit and proper person to hold or to remain in an office in the former authorised building society, or

(c) the Authority imposes a requirement that any person be removed from an office in the former authorised building society,

that person may refer the matter to the Tribunal.

    (6) Section 133 applies to a reference to the Tribunal under this article subject to the following modifications - 

(a) the reference in section 133(1) to "this Act" includes a reference to this article;

(b) the reference in section 133(1)(a) to the "decision notice" includes a reference to the notice given under section 43B of the Building Societies Act and any copy of the direction given under section 43B(3) of that Act;

(c) for subsection (4), substitute - 

    " (4) On a reference the Tribunal may direct the Authority to give a direction imposing different requirements.";

(d) subsections (6) to (9) are omitted.

    (7) Section 414 (service of notices) has effect as if section 43B of the Building Societies Act, to the extent that it requires any notice to be given, were a provision of the Act.

    (8) Sections 400 (offences by bodies corporate etc.), 401 (proceedings for offences) and 403 (jurisdiction and procedure in respect of offences) have effect as if any offence committed under section 43A(7) of the Building Societies Act after commencement were an offence under the Act.

    (9) In proceedings for an offence under section 43A of the Building Societies Act committed after commencement it is a defence for the person charged to show that he took all reasonable precautions and exercised all due diligence to avoid the commission of such an offence by himself or any person under his control.

    (10) Part XXV has effect as if any requirement imposed by a direction given under section 43A of that Act after commencement were a relevant requirement.

    (11) In this article, "former authorised building society" means any person who - 

(a) immediately before commencement did not hold an authorisation within the meaning of the Building Societies Act, but formerly held such an authorisation; and

(b) is not and never has been an authorised person within the meaning of the Act.

Winding-up of former authorised institutions etc.
     12.  - (1) Section 367 (winding-up petitions) has effect as if - 

(a) the reference in subsection (1)(a) to a body which has been an authorised person included a reference to a body which - 


(i) is not and never has been an authorised person (within the meaning of the Act);

(ii) has been an authorised institution within the meaning of the Banking Act;

(iii) was not, immediately before commencement, authorised under that Act; and

(iv) continues to have any liability in respect of deposits which it accepted when it was authorised under that Act;



(b) the reference in subsection (1)(c) to a body which has carried on a regulated activity in contravention of the general prohibition included a reference to a company or partnership which has, before commencement, contravened section 3 of the Banking Act and which continues to have any liability in respect of deposits which it accepted in contravention of that enactment.

    (2) If a body specified by paragraph (1)(a) or (b) is in default on an obligation to pay a sum due and payable in respect of a deposit, within the meaning of section 5 of the Banking Act[30] (including any sum which would otherwise be excluded by subsection (3)(a), (b) or (e) of that section), it is to be treated for the purpose of subsection (3)(a) of section 367 as unable to pay its debts.

(a) the Financial Services Act;

(b) the Banking Act;

(c) the Insurance Companies Act;

(d) the 2BCD Regulations;

(e) the ISD Regulations;

(f) section 9 or 43A of the Building Societies Act;

(g) paragraph 3 of Schedule 3 to that Act;

(h) section 31 of the Friendly Societies Act 1992[31].

    (3) In any proceedings brought after commencement for an offence to which this article applies, the person charged may raise any defence or excuse which he would have been entitled to raise had the proceedings been brought before commencement, notwithstanding any repeal or revocation of any of the provisions specified by paragraph (2).

(a) an authorised person within the meaning of the Financial Services Act;

(b) an exempted person within the meaning of that Act by virtue of section 43[32] (listed money market institutions) or section 44[33] (appointed representatives) of that Act;

(c) an authorised institution within the meaning of the Banking Act;

(d) a person who was authorised under section 3 or 4 of the Insurance Companies Act[34];

(e) a European institution within the meaning of the 2BCD Regulations;

(f) a European investment firm within the meaning of the ISD Regulations;

(g) an EC company within the meaning of the Insurance Companies Act which, by virtue of paragraph 1 or 8 of Schedule 2F to that Act[35], was able to carry on direct insurance business through a branch in the United Kingdom or provide insurance in the United Kingdom;

(h) a friendly society which was authorised or treated as authorised for the purposes of Part IV of the Friendly Societies Act 1992, or which was permitted by virtue of section 31(2) or (3) of that Act to carry on any activities without authorisation under that Part; or

(i) a building society which was authorised or treated as authorised for the purposes of the Building Societies Act.

Power to require information
     15.  - (1) Section 165 (Authority's power to require information) has effect as if - 

(a) each reference to an authorised person (except the references in subsections (7)(b) and (8)) included a reference to a former regulated person; and

(b) the reference in subsection (4) to information and documents reasonably required in connection with the exercise by the Authority of functions conferred on it by or under the Act were, so far as it relates to information and documents held by or on behalf of - 


(i) a former regulated person, or

(ii) a person connected with such a person,



     a reference to information and documents reasonably required in connection with the exercise by the Authority of functions conferred on the Authority by, or exercisable by the Authority by virtue of, this Order in relation to that former regulated person.

    (2) In determining whether a person is connected with a former regulated person under section 165(11), Part I of Schedule 15 has effect as if each reference to an authorised person were a reference to a former regulated person.

Reports by skilled persons
     16. Section 166 (reports by skilled persons) has effect as if - 

(a) the reference in subsection (2)(d) to a person who has at any relevant time been a person falling within paragraph (a), (b) or (c) included a reference to a person who has at any relevant time been - 


(i) a regulated person ("A");

(ii) any other member of A's group; or

(iii) a partnership of which A is a member; and



(b) so far as it relates to a requirement to be imposed under section 166 on any of the persons specified by paragraph (a), the reference in subsection (1) of that section to any matter about which the Authority has required or could require the provision of information or production of documents under section 165 were a reference to any matter about which the Authority has required or could require the provision of information or production of documents under section 165 by virtue of article 15 of this Order.

Appointment of persons to carry out general investigations
     17.  - (1) Section 167 (appointment of persons to carry out general investigations) has effect as if - 

(a) the reference in subsection (4) to a former authorised person, so far as it applies to paragraph (a) (but not paragraph (b)) included a reference to a former regulated person; and

(b) the reference in paragraph (a) of that subsection to an authorised person included a reference to a regulated person.

    (2) The Authority may not exercise the power conferred on it by section 167 in relation to a former regulated person unless it considers that an investigation is reasonably required in connection with the exercise by the Authority of functions conferred on it by, or exercisable by the Authority by virtue of, this Order.

    (3) The Secretary of State may not exercise the power conferred on him by section 167 in relation to a former regulated person.

Appointment of persons to carry out investigations in particular cases
     18.  - (1) Section 168(3) applies if it appears to the Authority or the Secretary of State that there are circumstances suggesting that any person may have committed an offence under any of the following enactments or if it appears to the Authority that any person may have contravened any of the following enactments - 

(a) sections 3, 47, 56[36], 57[37], 76[38] or 200(2) of the Financial Services Act;

(b) section 3(1) or 18 of the Banking Act[39];

(c) section 2 or 72[40] of the Insurance Companies Act;

(d) section 9 of, or paragraph 3 of Schedule 3 to, the Building Societies Act;

(e) section 31 of the Friendly Societies Act 1992.

    (2) For the purposes of Part XI, a person appointed under section 168(3) as a result of paragraph (1) is to be treated as having been appointed as a result of subsection (2) of section 168.

    (3) Section 168(5) applies if - 

(a) it appears to the Authority or the Secretary of State that there are circumstances suggesting that any person may have committed an offence under any of the provisions specified by article 13 other than those specified by paragraph (1); or

(b) it appears to the Authority that there are circumstances suggesting that - 


(i) any person may have contravened any of the provisions specified by article 2(3) other than those enactments specified by paragraph (1);

(ii) an authorised person who was, immediately before commencement a member of a recognised self-regulating organisation or recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies, may have - 


(aa) failed to comply with any of the provisions specified in rule 1.3.1(6) of the PIA rules (cases in which a member is liable to disciplinary action),

(bb) committed an act of misconduct within the meaning of rule 7.23A(3) of the SFA rules, or

(cc) committed a relevant IMRO contravention,



as the case may be; or

(iii) paragraph (3) of article 9 may apply in relation to any person.

    (4) For the purposes of Part XI, a person appointed under section 168(5) as a result of paragraph (3) is to be treated as having been appointed as a result of subsection (4) of section 168.

(a) section 109 of the Financial Services Act (communication by auditor with supervisory authorities)[41];

(b) section 47 of the Banking Act (communication by auditor with the Authority)[42];

(c) section 21A of the Insurance Companies Act (communications by auditor with the Treasury or the Secretary of State)[43];

(d) section 82 of the Building Societies Act (auditors' duties to Commission)[44];

(e) section 79 of the Friendly Societies Act 1992 (auditors' duties to Commission)[45].

Recognised professional bodies
     20.  - (1) Notwithstanding any repeal of section 18 of, or Schedule 3 to, the Financial Services Act (requirements for recognition of professional bodies)[46], the following provisions of that Schedule continue to have effect in relation to any body which was, immediately before commencement, a recognised professional body - 

(a) paragraphs 3 and 3A, so far as they relate to the carrying on of investment business before commencement;

(b) sub-paragraphs (2) and (4) to (6) of paragraph 4;

(c) sub-paragraph (3) of paragraph 4, so far as it relates to provision for disciplining members of the body;

(d) paragraph 5, so far as it relates to investment business carried on before commencement;

(e) paragraph 6, so far as it relates to the obligation to co-operate with the Authority in the exercise of functions conferred on it by or under the Act in relation to the supervision or regulation of investment business or other financial services (or any other person having responsibility for the supervision or regulation of such business or services) in so far as that obligation relates to investment business carried on before commencement by a person who held a certificate issued by that body for the purposes of Part I of the Financial Services Act.

    (2) Notwithstanding any repeal of section 211(3) of, or Schedule 15 to, the Financial Services Act (transitional provisions), sub-paragraphs (1) and (3) of paragraph 6 of that Schedule continue to have effect in relation to any rules which are required to be made by a body which was, immediately before commencement, a recognised professional body, so that the body can continue to satisfy the requirements of Schedule 3 to that Act which continue to have effect by virtue of paragraph (1).

    (3) For the purposes of section 380(1) and (2) (injunctions), any requirement imposed by the provisions of Schedule 3 to the Financial Services Act which continues to have effect by virtue of paragraph (1) is deemed to be a relevant requirement.

Information from former recognised professional bodies
     21. The Authority may by notice in writing require any person who was, immediately before commencement, a recognised professional body to furnish it with information - 

(a) which relates to - 


(i) investment business carried on before commencement by a person who held a certificate issued by that body for the purposes of Part I of the Financial Services Act; or

(ii) the regulation or supervision of that investment business; and



(b) which the Authority reasonably requires for the exercise of functions conferred on it by or under the Act.

Tribunal proceedings that relate to the contravention of a rule
     22. In any reference to, or proceedings before, the Tribunal, in any subsequent appeal under section 137 and in any proceedings under Part XXV, the validity of any rule of a recognised self-regulating organisation, a recognised self-regulating organisation for friendly societies, a recognised professional body, a recognised investment exchange or a recognised clearing house may, in accordance with any provisions that relate to such references, proceedings or appeals, be raised.

Revocation and amendments
     23.  - (1) The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Transitional Provisions and Savings) (Civil Remedies, Discipline, Criminal Offences etc.) Order 2001[47] is revoked.

    (2) In articles 2(1) and 4(2) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) (Miscellaneous) (No. 2) Order 2001[48] ("the Consequential No. 2 Order"), for "the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Transitional Provisions and Savings) (Civil Remedies, Discipline, Criminal Offences etc.) Order 2001" in each case, substitute "the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Transitional Provisions and Savings) (Civil Remedies, Discipline, Criminal Offences etc.) (No. 2) Order 2001".

    (3) The substitutions made by paragraph (2) do not affect the validity of any requirement imposed before this article comes into force under article 2 or 4 of the Consequential No. 2 Order but any such requirement ceases to have effect when this article comes into force if it could not have been imposed under that article as amended by paragraph (2).

    (4) No action may be taken or continued under or pursuant to the Act in relation to any requirement which ceases to have effect by virtue of paragraph (3).


Tony McNulty

Graham Stringer
Two of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury

11th September 2001

[2] S.I. 1992/3218; amended by S.I. 1993/3225, S.I. 1995/1217, S.I. 1995/1442, S.I. 1996/1669, S.I. 1999/2094 and S.I. 2000/2952.back

[3] 1987 c. 22.back

[4] 1986 c. 53.back

[5] 1986 c. 60.back

[6] 1982 c. 50.back

[7] S.I. 1995/3275; amended by the Bank of England Act 1998 (c. 11), S.I. 1996/1669 and S.I. 2000/2952.back

[8] When the Act was enacted, the only self-regulating organisations within the meaning of the Financial Services Act were the Personal Investment Authority Limited; the Investment Management Regulatory Organisation Limited; and The Securities and Futures Authority Limited. The only self-regulating organisations for friendly societies at that time were the Personal Investment Authority Limited and the Investment Management Regulatory Organisation Limited. By virtue of Schedule 21 to the Act, no new application for recognition as a self-regulating organisation or self-regulating organisation for friendly societies may be entertained.back

[9] Inserted by the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40) section 192 and amended by S.I. 1996/2827 and S.I. 1997/251. Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1990/354.back

[10] Relevant amendments and modifications are made by the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40) section 192 and Schedules 23 and 24; S.I. 1988/717; S.I. 1992/3218; S.I. 1994/1696; S.I. 1995/1537; S.I. 1995/3275 and S.I. 1996/2827.back

[11] Amended by the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40) Schedule 23; and modified by S.I. 1992/3218. Functions transferred by S.I. 1987/942.back

[12] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1987/942.back

[13] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1987/942.back

[14] Amended by the Friendly Societies Act 1992 (c. 40) Schedule 18 and amended and repealed in part by the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40) Schedules 23 and 24.back

[15] Amended by the Friendly Societies Act 1992 (c. 40) Schedule 18.back

[16] Amended by S.I. 1996/2827 and modified by S.I. 1992/3218, S.I. 1994/1696 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1987/942.back

[17] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1997/2781.back

[18] S.I. 1996/2827; to which there are amendments not relevant to this Order.back

[19] Amended by the Bank of England Act 1998 (c. 11) Schedule 5; modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275.back

[20] 1989 c. 40; amended by S.I. 1991/880 and S.I. 1998/1748.back

[21] These provisions (except section 18) were amended by the Bank of England Act 1998 (c. 11) Schedule 5; sections 3, 18, 69 and 71 were modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and sections 3 and 32 were modified by S.I. 1995/1442.back

[22] Functions transferred by S.I. 1987/925.back

[23] Inserted by the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40) section 192 and amended by S.I. 1996/2827 and S.I. 1997/251. Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1990/354.back

[24] Amended by S.I. 1996/2827 and modified by S.I. 1992/3218, S.I. 1994/1696 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1987/942.back

[25] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275. Functions transferred by S.I. 1997/2781.back

[26] Modified by S.I. 1994/1696.back

[27] Functions transferred by S.I. 1987/942.back

[28] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275.back

[29] Inserted by the Building Societies Act 1997 (c. 53) sections 19 and 20.back

[30] Amended by S.I. 1995/1442 and modified by S.I. 1992/3218.back

[31] 1992 c. 40.back

[32] Amended by the Bank of England Act 1998 (c. 11) sections 23, 25 and 26 and modified by S.I. 1992/3218, S.I. 1995/3275 and S.I. 1996/1669.back

[33] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275.back

[34] Section 3 was amended by S.I. 1997/2781.back

[35] Inserted by S.I. 1994/1696 and amended by S.I. 1997/2781.back

[36] Amended by the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40) Schedule 23 and modified by S.I. 1992/3218.back

[37] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275.back

[38] Amended by S.I. 1996/2827 and modified by S.I. 1992/3218 and S.I. 1995/3275.back

[39] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218.back

[40] Amended by the Cable and Broadcasting Act 1984 (c. 46) Schedule 5.back

[41] Modified by S.I. 1992/3218, S.I. 1995/3275 and S.I. 1996/1669; functions transferred by S.I. 1987/942.back

[42] Amended by the Bank of England Act 1998 (c. 11), Schedule 5 and S.I. 1996/1669 and modified by S.I. 1992/3218.back

[43] Inserted by the Financial Services Act 1986, s.135 and amended by S.I. 1996/1669 and S.I. 1997/2781.back

[44] Amended by the Building Societies Act 1997 (c. 40), Schedules 7 and 9, S.I. 1991/1729 and S.I. 1996/1669; repealed by S.I. 2001/2617.back

[45] Amended by S.I. 1996/1669 and repealed by S.I. 2001/2617.back

[46] Amended by the Companies Act 1989 (c. 40) section 204 and Schedule 23.back

[47] S.I. 2001/2657.back

[48] S.I. 2001/2659.back

 © Crown copyright 2001